Uji Efektifitas Ekstrak Bawang Putih (Allium Sativum) Sebagai Insektisida Terhadap Kutu Rambut (Pediculus Capitis)

Abstract

Hair lice are small parasites that live by sucking blood in humans. Almost all patients consider the hair tick is a common thing, but if the hair louse is not treated immediately will cause the emergence of Relapsing Fever disease caused by infection in the scalp of the patient. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of garlic extract with concentrations of 4%, 6%, and 8% as an insecticide against hair lice. The research method used is true experimental or real experiment using sample of each group (4%, 6%, and 8%) need 10 lice hair with 3 times experiment so that require 120 samples of hair louse. Data analysis was done using One Way Anova test with result F count 806.493> F table 2.87. Then there is the difference in the time to kill a hair louse. While based on Post Hoc follow-up test obtained the probability value is <0.05 that can be said to have significant differences. The conclusion of hypothesis testing is garlic extract with concentration 4%, 6%, and 8% effectiveness as insecticide to hair louse. Suggestions that can be submitted in this study that requires further research to determine the right concentration when it will be applied to the scalp and need further research to determine the form of a good preparation for insecticides.Key words : Head Lice, Garlic, InsecticideAbstrak: Kutu rambut merupakan parasit kecil yang hidup dengan cara menghisap darah pada manusia. Hampir semua penderita menganggap kutu rambut adalah hal yang biasa, padahal apabila penderita kutu rambut tidak segera ditangani akan menyebabkan timbulnya penyakit Relapsing Fever yang disebabkan adanya infeksi pada kulit kepala penderita.Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui efektifitas ekstrak bawang putih dengan konsentrasi 4%, 6%,dan 8% sebagai insektisida terhadap kutu rambut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode true experimental atau eksperimen sungguhan dengan menggunakan sampel setiap kelompok (4%, 6%, dan 8%) membutuhkan 10 kutu rambut dengan 3 kali percobaan sehingga memerlukan 120 sampel kutu rambut. Analisa data dilakukan menggunakan uji One Way Anova dengan hasil F hitung 806,493 > F tabel 2,87. Maka terdapat perbedaan waktu bunuh kutu rambut. Sedangkan berdasarkan uji lanjutan Post Hoc didapatkan nilai probabilitas yaitu 0,00 < 0.05 sehingga dapat dikatakan memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan. Kesimpulan dari pengujian hipotesis tersebut adalah ekstrak bawang putih dengan konsentrasi 4%, 6%, dan 8% efektiv sebagai insektisida terhadap kutu rambut. Saran yang dapat disampaikan pada penelitian ini yaitu memerlukan penelitian lanjutan untuk menentukan konsentrasi yang tepat apabila akan diaplikasikan ke kulit kepala dan perlu penelitian lanjutan untuk mengetahui bentuk sediaan yang baik untuk insektisida.Kata Kunci : Kutu Rambut, Bawang Putih, Insektisida

In Vitro Test on the Effectiveness of Citrus limon and Allium sativum as Pediculicides

“…The results of this study were also the same as the study by Sasmilati (4) that reported based on the results of the oneway ANOVA test there were significant differences in the effects of larvicides in the different concentrations of Allium sativum solution groups with p-value <0.05( sig) and found significant differences between groups that was p-value <0.05(sig). The results of a study conducted by Pritacindy, et al (17) showed that Allium sativum proved to be effective as a pediculicide, and a higher concentration of A. sativum extract would be a more effective insecticide for hair lice. The results of research conducted by Al-Zanbagi and Al-Hasdi (18) showed that A. sativum was a strong natural pediculicide, medicinally substance with no toxicity; further, the results also proved that higher concentrations of Allium sativum would kill P.h.capitis more effectively.…”

“…Allium sativum contains metabolite compounds such as allicin, adenosine, ajoene, flavonoids, saponins, tuberholosides, scordinin (10,17), alliin, scordinin, methylene trisulfide, saltivine, essential oils (4). Sulfide derivatives, namely allicin, are stomach poisons that kill the target organism if allicin enters the digestive organs and is absorbed by the intestinal wall (7).…”

Identifikasi Efek Protektif Berupa Antioksidan Terhadap Antioksidan

“…Bawang putih (Allium sativum) telah digunakan sebagai pengobatan herbal selama ribuan tahun karena senyawa organosulfur aktif yang terdapat dalam bawang putih. Senyawa organosulfur aktif dalam bawang putih berupa flavonoid, adenosin, ahoene, dan alliin (Pritacindy et al, 2017). Bawang putih yang mentah memiliki rasa yang kuat dan tajam.…”

The effectiveness of garlic, black turmeric, and red betel vine solutions to maintain scalp hygiene (pediculicide efficacy test toward head lice)

“…The garlic spray was significant, with a p-value of 0.000. it was in line with research mentioned that 4% garlic solution could kill lice in 0.4450 hours, 6% garlic solution could kill lice in 0.1380 hours, and 8% garlic solution could be an effective insecticide for head lice as mentioned that the higher solution of garlic was the better able to kill head lice or pediculosis capitis. 5 Another researcher also stated that garlic extract is mortal for plant lice (M. persicae). In that research, the 0% garlic solution (control group) could kill 34.67% plant lice, 45% garlic solution killed 54.00% lice, and 60% garlic solution killed 72.33% 10,11 .…”

“…4 Garlic is effective in killing head lice as it contains ethanol with an 8% concentration. It was proven to e effective in killing head lice within 0.030 hours 5 . Besides, garlic is often used for its antifungal and antibacterial properties.…”