Uji Daya Hasil dan Seleksi Famili Padi Generasi F4 dan F6 Hasil Persilangan Sintanur x PTB 33 dan Pandanwangi x PTB 33 di Jatinangor

Abstract

Karakter daya hasil tinggi adalah salah satu target utama dalam pemuliaan padi. Pengujian daya hasil merupakan salah satu tahapan uji dalam proses seleksi varietas baru. Seleksi pada karakter daya hasil merupakan proses yang kompleks karena berkaitan dengan karakter kuantitaif. Pemilihan metode yang tepat akan meningkatkan tingkat keberhasilan proses seleksi, sehingga tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menyeleksi genotip padi yang memiliki potensi hasil tertinggi tercapai. Percobaan dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli 2018 sampai Maret 2019 di Kebun Percobaan Ciparanje Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang Jawa Barat. Material genetik yang digunakan adalah lima famili padi generasi F4, lima famili generasi F6, dan empat varietas padi sebagai cek. Keseluruhan karakter agronomis dan komponen hasil dievaluasi menggunakan uji Least Significant Increase (LSI), dan indeks seleksi (indeks Mulamba dan Mock, dan indeks jarak genotipe-ideotipe). Berdasarkan hasil uji LSI, famili PP48-5 dan famili SP101-3-1-5 menunjukkan penampilan terbaik pada hampir keseluruhan karakter dibandingkan dengan rata-rata terendah varietas pembandingnya. Berdasarkan nilai indeks seleksi hanya famili SP101-3-1-5 yang memiliki nilai indeks seleksi daya hasil tertinggi. SP101-3-1-5 terpilih sebagai famili yang berpotensi sebagai padi berdaya hasil tinggi.

Testing of Plant Growth Regulator and Organic Fertilizers on Black Rice Plants

“…According to IRRI (2015), short plants are <100 cm and medium plants are 100 -120 cm. Short plants provide benefits from photosynthesis (Ahimsya et al, 2018;Winarsih et al, 2017) that allocate a lot to the formation of seeds (Afifah et al, 2020), reduce lodging (Aryana et al, 2018), and minimize bird attack. The range of number of tillers was 18.75 -31.17 per clump, classified as medium (Ahimsya et al, 2018) to very high productive tillers >25 (IRRI, 2015).…”

“…The range of number of tillers was 18.75 -31.17 per clump, classified as medium (Ahimsya et al, 2018) to very high productive tillers >25 (IRRI, 2015). The number of rice tillers is heavily influenced environmental factors, including soil organic matter (Sari et al, 2021), plant spacing, and climatic conditions including irradiation, water availability, and temperature (Afifah et al, 2020;Komalasari et al, 2019). The low Leaf Area Index (LAI) causes a low contribution to production (Ramadhan et al, 2019;Susanti & Safrina, 2018).…”

Advanced Results Test of Upland Rice Lines 7th Generation (F7) from Local Rice X Superior Varieties with Lodging Resistance in East Belitung Regency

“…Parameters that show significantly different properties are then analyzed with the Least Significant Increase (LSI) further test. The tested genotype value which is greater than the comparison in the Least Significant Increase (LSI) follow-up test indicates that the test line has a good appearance and increases the chance of selection as a superior genotype [18].…”

“…The number of productive tillers, the 23F -04-10-18-18 line had quite a large number of tillers with an average of about 7.1 [21]. According to Zuliadi et al [22], the number of productive tillers in rice was classified into three categories, namely: many (>20), medium (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20), and few (<11) [22].…”