Ueber die Carbonate der Dioxybenzole

Einhorn, Alfred

doi:10.1002/jlac.18983000202

Cited by 55 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…16 At the time, the described resorcinol polycarbonate was mentioned to be a material which melted with decomposition at 190-200°C. Resorcinol is a meta-substituted dihydroxy benzene compound; the polymers synthesized from this monomer can be expected to have improved flow compared to more linear structures that more easily pack.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activated carbonates: enabling the synthesis of differentiated polycarbonate resins via melt transcarbonation

et al. 2016

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Activated carbonates facilitate the preparation of polycarbonates based on monomers that are unsuitable for traditional melt polymerization at high temperatures. Bis(methyl salicyl) carbonate (BMSC) clearly shows reactivity benefits over diphenyl carbonate in melt polymerization reactions, resulting in shorter reaction times and reduced heat exposure during polymerization. The increased reactivity enables the melt polymerization of a wide range of monomers, as demonstrated by two examples using volatile resorcinol and sterically hindered tert-butyl hydroquinone as monomers in the preparation of (co) polycarbonates.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activated carbonates: enabling the synthesis of differentiated polycarbonate resins via melt transcarbonation

et al. 2016

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“…The first polycarbonates were prepared by Einhorn in the late 1890s via reaction of hydroquinone or resorcinol with phosgene using pyridine as solvent (2). Attempts to prepare the polycarbonate of catechol led only to the cyclic five-membered carbonate.…”

Section: Historical Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Attempts to prepare the polycarbonate of catechol led only to the cyclic five-membered carbonate. A few years later, the same materials were prepared by Bischoff and von Hendenstioem via solventless transesterification using diphenyl carbonate (2). The hydroquinone polymer is brittle, crystalline, insoluble in most solvents, and melted at > 280 • C. The polymer from resorcinol is glassy and brittle, although it crystallizes from solution, and melts at ∼ 190-200 • C. Both of these polymers were apparently of low molecular weight and owing to difficulties of processing and characterization, were not developed further.…”

Section: Historical Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycarbonates

Brunelle¹

2001

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

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Polycarbonates are an unusual and extremely useful class of polymers. The vast majority of polycarbonates are based on bisphenol A (BPA) and sold under the trade names Lexan, Makrolon, Calibre, and Panlite. BPA polycarbonates having high glass‐transition temperatures are widely regarded for optical clarity and exceptional impact resistance and ductility at room temperature and below. Other properties such as modulus, dielectric strength, or tensile strength are comparable to other amorphous thermoplastics at similar temperatures below their respective glass‐transition temperatures. Polycarbonates are prepared commercially by two processes: Schotten–Baumann reaction of phosgene and an aromatic diol in an amine‐catalyzed interfacial condensation reaction, or via base‐catalyzed transesterification of a bisphenol with a monomeric carbonate such as diphenyl carbonate. Important products are also based on polycarbonates in blends with other polymers, copolymers, branched resins, flame‐retardant compositions, foams, and other materials. Polycarbonate, produced globally, has been the object of research studies, owing to its widespread utility and unusual properties. This article summarizes the preparation, properties, and utility of polycarbonates.

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“…The first preparations of polycarbonates were reported by Einhorn in 1898 [155], by reaction of phosgene with resorcinol or hydroquinone in a pyridine solution. The first preparations of polycarbonates were reported by Einhorn in 1898 [155], by reaction of phosgene with resorcinol or hydroquinone in a pyridine solution.…”

Section: General Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%