Ubiquitous Nature of Fluoroquinolones: The Oscillation between Antibacterial and Anticancer Activities

Idowu, Temilolu; Schweizer, Frank

doi:10.3390/antibiotics6040026

Cited by 75 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 188 publications

(273 reference statements)

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“…The inability of doxorubicin to inhibit E. coli at concentrations up to 40 μ mol l −1 (21·74 mg l −1 ) was previously reported and consistent with the lack of effect we observed up to 64 mg l −1 (Panda et al ). Doxorubicin and fluoroquinolones are both topoisomerases inhibitors, acting on eukaryote type 2A and prokaryote type IIA topoisomerases, respectively (Idowu and Schweizer ). Despite this similar mechanism of action, none of the fluoroquinolone‐resistant S. pseudintermedius isolates had elevated doxorubicin MICs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial activity of chemotherapeutic drugs against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius

Campbell

Gagnon

Rubin

2019

Lett Appl Microbiol

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Significance and Impact of the Study: This study shows that chemotherapy drugs commonly used in veterinary oncology have an effect of the growth of canine isolates of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. No associations between susceptibility to chemotherapeutic drugs and antibiotics were found, which does not support selection of antimicrobial resistance by chemotherapy drugs. AbstractThe ability of chemotherapeutic agents to affect the growth of common bacterial pathogens and the relationship between the effects of chemotherapeutics and antimicrobials is largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to describe the susceptibility of canine bacterial isolates to chemotherapeutic agents and to compare these results to their antimicrobial susceptibility. The effects of bleomycin, doxorubicin, cytarabine, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil and gemcitabine on the growth of 33 Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates and 32 Escherichia coli isolates from dogs was determined by agar dilution. In addition to MICs, the lowest drug concentration associated with a decreased colony size was recorded. Results were compared to the MICs of a panel of antimicrobial agents. Bleomycin consistently inhibited bacterial growth of S. pseudintermedius and E. coli. Doxorubicin inhibited S. pseudintermedius but not E. coli while the opposite was seen for gemcitabine. Reduction in colony size on exposure to 5fluorouracil for both organisms, and methotrexate for S. pseudintermedius was seen. No observable effect of cyclophosphamide or cytarabine was observed. Associations between elevated MICs to chemotherapeutic drugs and antimicrobial resistance were not found. These results indicate that chemotherapeutic agents affect the growth of bacteria, but do not support a role in the selection of antimicrobial resistance.Letters in Applied Microbiology ISSN 0266-8254

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial activity of chemotherapeutic drugs against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius

Campbell

Gagnon

Rubin

2019

Lett Appl Microbiol

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“…Similarly, fluoroquinolones, PPIs, and NSAIDs are reported to have anti‐inflammatory effects that are associated with chemotherapeutic properties. For example, ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, trovafloxacin, and gemifloxacin have all been shown to dose‐dependently inhibit the synthesis of IL‐1 and TNF‐α at therapeutic concentrations in LPS‐stimulated monocytes, while at the same time super‐induce interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) in vitro (Fedorowicz & Sączewski, ; Idowu & Schweizer, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selected pharmacotherapy agents as antiproliferative and anti‐inflammatory compounds

AlKhalil

Al‐Hiari

Kasabri

et al. 2020

Drug Development Research

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The repurposing of safe therapeutic drugs has emerged as an alternative approach to rapidly identify effective, safe, and conveniently available therapeutics to treat/ prevent cancer. Therefore, it was hypothesized that acidic chelator drugs could have a genuine potential as antiproliferative agents. Based on their pKa, the selected 15 acidic drugs of eight classes-namely sulfonylureas, proton pump inhibitors, fluoroquinolones, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, thiazolidinediones, thienopyridines, statins, and nicotinic acid-were assayed for anticancer HTS against the lung A549, skin A375, breast MCF7 and T47D, pancreatic PANC1, cervical HeLa, and leukemia K562 cancer cell lines and normal fibroblasts. Lipopolysaccharideprompted inflammation in RAW264.7 macrophages was the potential anticancer mechanism. Atorvastatin exerted remarkably superior cytotoxicity against A375.2S (IC50 value 0.02 μM p < .001 vs. cisplatin 0.07 μM IC50 value). Atorvastatin exhibited an equipotency to cisplatin's T47D growth inhibition (34.6 μM vs. 34.59 μM; p > .05). Levofloxacin as well as ciprofloxacin superbly superseded the antineoplastic cisplatin activity against the K562 cell line (respective IC50 values [μM] 10.4 and 19.5 vs. 29.3; p < .05-<.01). Gemifloxacin and lansoprazole had comparable antiproliferation in K562 to cisplatin's (respective IC50 values [μM] 34.9 and 36.3 vs. 29.3; p > .05). The selected agents lacked cytotoxicity in the panel of MCF7, HeLa, A549, or Panc1 cancer cells. Most notably, LPS prompted RAW264.7 macrophages, atorvastatin, piroxicam, clopidogrel, esomeprazole, and lansoprazole were of higher anti-inflammation potency than indomethacin (p < .01-.001). Evidently, omeprazole, pioglitazone, gemifloxacin, and indomethacin were of comparable antiinflammation potencies (p > .05). Collectively, this work reveals acidic chelator drugs (atorvastatin, gemifloxacin, and lansoprazole with dual anti-inflammation and antiproliferation propensities) as authentic agents for the repurposing approach in anticancer chemotherapy/prevention. K E Y W O R D S anti-inflammation, antiproliferation, commercial agents

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“…which represent the major causes of serious hospitalized infections in the globe . Furthermore, this system can act through being an efflux pump inhibitor and/or being a membrane permeabilizer . Consequently, research groups are interested in development of multi‐component antibiotic systems.…”

Section: Recent Advances Of Quinolone Antibacterial Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent updates of fluoroquinolones as antibacterial agents

Ezelarab

Abbas

Hassan

et al. 2018

Archiv der Pharmazie

134

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Fluoroquinolones remain one of the most important kind of antibacterial agents used nowadays. The emergence of more virulent and resistant strains of bacteria by the development of either mutated DNA-binding proteins or efflux pump mechanism for drugs is considered the main problem associated with the therapeutic use of these drugs. This situation participated in pushing researchers to design new fluoroquinolone derivatives, mainly with different substituents at C-7 to withstand these resistant strains of bacteria and to obtain a wider spectrum of activity including activity against anaerobic organisms. Conjugation of fluoroquinolones with substitutions such as 1,2,4-triazoles, alkyl oximes, flavonoids, aryl furans, benzofuroxans, metronidazoles or even other antibiotics such as neomycin-B produced derivatives that have a superior and wider spectrum of activity and better resistance than the classical fluoroquinolone agents. Addition of a hydroxamic acid moiety to fluoroquinolones also increased the activity against Proteus mirabilis, which represents one of the most resistant strains of bacteria in urinary tract infections. This review aims to highlight the recent updates made for fluoroquinolones for broadening the spectrum of activity to become active not only against resistant strains of bacteria but also against anaerobic pathogens.

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Ubiquitous Nature of Fluoroquinolones: The Oscillation between Antibacterial and Anticancer Activities

Cited by 75 publications

References 188 publications

Antibacterial activity of chemotherapeutic drugs against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius

Antibacterial activity of chemotherapeutic drugs against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius

Selected pharmacotherapy agents as antiproliferative and anti‐inflammatory compounds

Recent updates of fluoroquinolones as antibacterial agents

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