Über Spaltbildungen des Medullarrohres bei jungen menschlichen Embryonen, ein Beitrag zur Entstehung der Anencephalie und der Rachischisis

Sternberg, H.

doi:10.1007/bf02070732

Cited by 34 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…As a result a full-term fetus may develop in which these essential parts of the brain or spinal cord are absent while the peripheral nerves are well developed (Sternberg, 1929). As a result a full-term fetus may develop in which these essential parts of the brain or spinal cord are absent while the peripheral nerves are well developed (Sternberg, 1929).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the pathogenesis of anencephaly it is important to know that the degeneration of the central nervous system occurs only after the medullary plate has given rise to the peripheral nerves. As a result a full-term fetus may develop in which these essential parts of the brain or spinal cord are absent while the peripheral nerves are well developed (Sternberg, 1929). Experimental research has shown that the underlying mesoderm play an important role in the formation of the neural plate and its further development (Lehmann, 1926(Lehmann, , 1938.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tongue Papillae Anomaly in Anencephalic Fetuses

Lee

Lim

et al. 1992

Congenital Anomalies

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Eighteen cases of anencephalic fetuses were examined t o explore the abnormal growth of the tongue papillae. All 18 cases consistently showed severe hypoplasia of the tongue papillae and taste buds. The filiform papillae showed the most severe hypoplasia. Both epithelial ingrowth and crypt formation of the tongue papillae were retarded from as early as gestational age 19-20 weeks, thus the filiform papillae became greatly arrested showing smooth surfaced and thick keratinized epithelium. The fungiform papillae decreased in number and were of abnormal size. The direction of the papillae was occasionally reversed. The taste bud of the fungiform papillae was markedly hypoplastic and was often missing. Meanwhile the vallate papillae were relatively well developed although frequently abnormal in shape. The distribution of the taste bud was irregular, and several taste buds were observed on the top of the vallate papillae. The taste buds were generally hypoplastic, and some of them showed degenerative or cystic change. In conclusion the tongue papillae, indicative of a highly proliferative epithelium, seem to be definitely affected by the generalized growth retardation in anencephalics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tongue Papillae Anomaly in Anencephalic Fetuses

Lee

Lim

et al. 1992

Congenital Anomalies

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“…Approximately 50 young human embryos with anencephaly or spina bifida have been recorded in the literature (Sternberg 1929, Dekaban 1963. From these it has appeared that closure defects can be demonstrated in very young stages, just after the time of normal closure of the tube.…”

Section: Morphogenesis Of Closure Defects Of the Cnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Embryogenesis of the Central Nervous System with Special Reference to Closure Defects: CASEY HOLTER MEMORIAL LECTURE

Källén

1968

Develop Med Child Neuro

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SUMMARY A review is given of the early morphogenesis of the central nervous system in vertebrates, with special stress on the dynamics underlying various morphogenetic changes in the cns rudiment. Evidence is quoted to show that various interactions occur between the cns and the underlying and surrounding mesodermal structures. The substratum (rudiments of notochord and prechordal plate) initiates neural differentiation in the ectoderm and determines the bilateral symmetry of the CNS rudiment. It also plays an important role in the folding up of the neural plate to form a neural tube. The surrounding mesoderm is of great importance for the form development of the neural tube and there is evidence that inductive stimuli from the notochord and the prechordal plate influence mitotic activity of the early neural tube. On the other hand, the cns initiates sclerotome development into vertebrae. Various approaches to a causal analysis of dysraphic malformations of the cns are discussed, with special reference to the above‐mentioned neural‐mesodermal interactions. RÉSUMÉ L'auteur fait un exposé de la morphogénèse précose du système nerveux central chez les vertébrés, en insistant particulièrement sur la dynamique qui est à la base des différents changements morphogénétiques dans le SNC rudimentaire. On cite des preuves pour montrer que des réactions variées ont lieu entre le SNC et les structures sous‐jacentes et périphériques du mésoderme. Le substrat (rudiments du notocorde et de la plaque précordiale) créait une differentiation neurale dans l'ectoderme et détermine la symmétrie bilatérale du rudiment de SNC. Il joue également un rôle important dans le plissement de la plaque neurale pour former un tube neural. Le mésoderme périphérique est très important dans le développement de la forme du tube neural, et il existe des preuves que les stimuli inductifs en provenance du notocorde et de la plaque précordiale influencent l'activité mitotique du tube neural primitif. Par contre, le SNC est à la base du développement du sclérotome en vertèbres. L'auteur discute des différentes façons d'envisager l'analyse des causes des malformations dysraphiques du SNC, avec référence particulièreaux réactions neuromésodermiques mentionnées ci‐dessus. RESUMEN Se repasa la morfogénesis precoz del sistema neivioso central en vertebrados, dando énfasis especial a la dinámica que produce varios cambios morfogenéticos en el rudimento del SNC. Se da evidencia para mostrar que varias interaccoines ocurren entre el SNC y las estructuras mesodérmicas vecinas. El substrato (rudimentos del notocordio y de la placa neural) inicia una diferenciación neural en el ectodermo y determina la simetría bilateral del rudimento del SNC. Juega también un papal importante en la plegadura de la placa neural para formar un tubo neural. El mesodermo circunstante es muy importante para el desarrollo formal del tubo neural, y hay evidencia de que estímulos inductivos del notocordio y de la placa precordal influyen en la actividad mitótica del tubo neural primitivo. ...

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“…For this controversy to be solved, it would be most helpful if we could obtain and study the human embryo with the malformation which developmental stage is around the critical period of neural tube closure. Our knowledge in this respect is still very limited since only few early human embryos with myeloschisis have been found [7,8,19,20,23]. This communication is to report four malformed hu man embryos in early developmental stages in order to present additional information on the evolution of myeloschisis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myeloschisis in Early Human Embryos

Osaka¹,

Matsumoto²,

Tanimura³

1978

Pediatr Neurosurg

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Four early human embryos with open myeloschisis are reported. These are a thoracolumbar myeloschisis in Carnegie developmental stage 12, a cervical myeloschisis in stage 13, and two lumbosacral myeloschisis in stage 14. All of them are the smallest human embryos with this type of malformation ever reported. In these embryos, the neuroectodermal junction is smooth and there is no microscopic evidence that the neural tube is forced open after its proper closure. The presence of the lesion in such early embryos, especially in one of stage 12, implies that the lesion evolved from the neural plate which never closed. Cellular polarity and the limiting membrane in the lesion are generally well preserved in spite of apparent overgrowth of the neural tissue. These findings do not support the hypothesis of Lemγre et al. that the defective external limiting membrane predisposes to a loss of cellular polarity and resultant neural overgrowth.

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Über Spaltbildungen des Medullarrohres bei jungen menschlichen Embryonen, ein Beitrag zur Entstehung der Anencephalie und der Rachischisis

Cited by 34 publications

References 19 publications

Tongue Papillae Anomaly in Anencephalic Fetuses

Tongue Papillae Anomaly in Anencephalic Fetuses

Early Embryogenesis of the Central Nervous System with Special Reference to Closure Defects: CASEY HOLTER MEMORIAL LECTURE

Myeloschisis in Early Human Embryos

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