UAV-Assisted Free Space Optical Communication System With Amplify-and-Forward Relaying

Dabiri, Mohammad Taghi; Khankalantary, Saeed; Piran, Md. Jalil; Ansari, Imran Shafique; Uysal, Murat; Saad, Walid; Hong, Choong Seon

doi:10.1109/tvt.2021.3098389

Cited by 45 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Then, using the generated RVs θ ex and θ ey , we generate 5 × 10 7 independent coefficients of h pu from ( 2) and ( 4). For a given C 2 n < 10 −14 , we also generate 5 × 10 7 independent coefficients of h agu and h aug which have log-normal distribution as given in (8). For a given C 2 n > 10 −14 , we generate 5 × 10 7 independent coefficients of h a which have GG distribution as given in (10).…”

Section: Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, vulnerability to signal blockage is one of the fundamental limitations of FSO links that essentially confines the receiver to be placed within the line-of-sight (LoS) of the transmitter. A potential application of UAV-assisted FSO systems is in dense cities with tall buildings where a UAV can act as an aerial relay to connect source and destination nodes where the LoS between ground optical nodes is interrupted by tall buildings [7], [8].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Modulating Retroreflector Based Free Space Optical Link for UAV-to-Ground Communications

Dabiri¹,

Rezaee²,

Mohammadi³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Weight reduction and low power consumption are key requirements in the next generation of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) networks. Employing modulating retro-reflector (MRR)-based free space optical (FSO) technology is an innovative technique for UAV-to-ground communication in order to reduce the payload weight and power consumption of UAVs which leads to increased maneuverability and flight time of UAV. In this paper, we consider an MRR-based FSO system for UAVto-ground communication. We will show that the performance of the considered system is very sensitive to tracking errors. Therefore, to assess the benefits of MRR-based UAV deployment for FSO communications, the MRR-based UAV FSO channel is characterized by taking into account tracking system errors along with UAV's orientation fluctuations, link length, UAV's height, optical beam divergence angle, effective area of MRR, atmospheric turbulence and optical channel loss in the doublepass channels. To enable effective performance analysis, tractable and closed-form expressions are derived for probability density function of end-to-end signal to noise ratio, outage probability and bit error rate of the considered system under both weak-tomoderate and moderate-to-strong atmospheric turbulence conditions. The accuracy of the analytical expressions is verified by extensive simulations. Analytical results are then used to study the relationship between the optimal system design and tracking system errors.Index Terms-Angle of arrival (AoA) fluctuations, FSO communications, UAV, modulating retro-reflector (MRR). I. INTRODUCTIONU NMANNED aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been introduced to overcome many of the shortcomings of the current terrestrial infrastructure by operating as aerial communication nodes and providing robust line-of-sight (LoS) connectivity to ground devices [1], [2]. UAVs deployed as flying communication nodes using radio frequency (RF) will interfere with ground devices, hence degrading the performance of the ground network. Employing UAVs equipped with free space optical (FSO) technology is a promising method for future ultra dense wireless networks [3]. FSO communication systems use very small beam divergence which is physically inaccessible to RF technologies, thus, making FSO links extremely secure. Moreover, FSO system is much faster, easier to deploy, more compact, and cheaper than RF [4]- [6]. However, vulnerability to signal blockage is one of the fundamental limitations of FSO links that essentially confines the receiver to be placed within the line-of-sight (LoS) of the transmitter. A potential application of UAV-assisted FSO systems is in dense cities with tall buildings where a UAV can act as an aerial relay to connect source and destination nodes where the LoS between ground optical nodes is interrupted by tall buildings [7], [8].

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Section: Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulating Retroreflector Based Free Space Optical Link for UAV-to-Ground Communications

Dabiri¹,

Rezaee²,

Mohammadi³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, in practical situations, increasing the antenna gain makes the system more sensitive to antenna misalignment. A change in the instantaneous speed and acceleration of the fixed wing UAV, an error in the mechanical control system of UAV, mechanical noise, position estimation errors, air pressure, and wind speed can cause an alignment error between the antennas [22], [23], as graphically illustrated in Fig. 3a.…”

Section: A Single Relay Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using Eqs. ( 18), (39), and (40) and performing a series of calculations, the end-to-end channel capacity is derived in (23). Also, using Eqs.…”

Section: Appendix C Channel Capacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Enabling Long mmWave Aerial Backhaul Links via Fixed-Wing UAVs: Performance and Design

Dabiri¹,

Hasna²,

Khattab³

2022

Preprint

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We propose a fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)-based millimeter wave (mmWave) backhaul links, that is offered as a cost effective and easy to deploy solution, to connect a disaster or remote area to the nearest core network. First, we fully characterize the single relay fixed-wing UAVbased communication system by taking into account the effects of realistic physical parameters, such as the UAV's circular path, critical points of the flight path, heights and positions of obstacles, flight altitude, tracking error, the severity of UAV's vibrations, the real 3D antenna pattern, mmWave atmospheric channel loss, temperature and air pressure. Second, we derive the distribution of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) metric, which is based on the sum of a series of Dirac delta functions. Using the SNR distribution, we derive closed-form expressions for the outage probability and the ergodic capacity of the considered system as a function of all system parameters. To provide an acceptable quality of service for longer link lengths, we extend the analytical expressions to a multi-relay system. The accuracy of the closed-form expressions are verified by Monte-Carlo simulations. Finally, by providing sufficient simulation results, we investigate the effects of key channel parameters such as antenna pattern gain and flight path on the performance of the considered system; and we carefully analyze the relationships between these parameters in order to maximize the average channel capacity.

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“…using microwave bands for non-line-of-sight (NLoS) case or millimeter wave (mmWave) and free-space optical (FSO) links for line-of-sight (LoS) case [5]. Microwave links can cover a wide area but suffer from low data rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Uplink Channel Modeling of UAV-based mmWave Fronthaul Links for Future Small Cell Networks

Dabiri¹,

Hasna²

2022

Preprint

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In this study, we consider an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted heterogeneous network that is offered as a cost effective and easy to deploy solution to solve the problem related to transferring traffic of distributed small cells to the core network. For any given distribution of small cell base stations (SBSs), we first characterize an accurate millimeter wave (mmWave) channel model for SBS to networked flying platform (NFP) by taking into consideration real parameters such as UAV's vibrations, distribution of SBSs, position of UAVs in the sky, real three-dimensional (3D) antenna pattern model provided by 3GPP along with interference caused by antenna side lobes and frequency reuse. Then, for the characterized channel, we derive an analytical closed-form expression for the end-to-end signal-to-noise plus interference ratio (SINR). Based on that, we derive the closed-form expressions for the outage probability and channel capacity of the considered UAV-based mmWave uplinks. The accuracy of the derived analytical expressions is verified by Monte Carlo simulations. Finally, we investigate the effects of different channel parameters such as antenna pattern gain, strength of UAV's vibrations, UAVs' positions in the sky, distribution of SBSs, and frequency reuse on the performance of the considered UAV-based uplink channel in terms of average capacity and outage probability.

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UAV-Assisted Free Space Optical Communication System With Amplify-and-Forward Relaying

Cited by 45 publications

References 32 publications

Modulating Retroreflector Based Free Space Optical Link for UAV-to-Ground Communications

Modulating Retroreflector Based Free Space Optical Link for UAV-to-Ground Communications

Enabling Long mmWave Aerial Backhaul Links via Fixed-Wing UAVs: Performance and Design

3D Uplink Channel Modeling of UAV-based mmWave Fronthaul Links for Future Small Cell Networks

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