Types of Circulating Tumor Markers and Their Clinical Applications

Wu, James T.

doi:10.1007/978-1-59259-791-8_4

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The hook effect describes a phenomenon that occurs with sandwich assays. The assay gives falsely low or negative values of a tumor marker (hCG) when the concentration of the tumor marker is markedly elevated (12). In this case, the hook effect takes place when excessive concentrations of hCG are present in the sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Qualitative β-hCG urine assays may be misleading in the presence of molar pregnancy: a case report

Davison

Kaplan

Wenig

et al. 2004

The Journal of Emergency Medicine

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This complex migrates further and a second immobilized antibody binds to another epitope on the antigen. The antigen is then sandwiched between the immobilized antibody and the labeled antibody (12). If sufficient concentrations of the antigen are present in the sample, the test will be positive and a color change will occur ( Figure 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Qualitative β-hCG urine assays may be misleading in the presence of molar pregnancy: a case report

Davison

Kaplan

Wenig

et al. 2004

The Journal of Emergency Medicine

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“…), CA 125 for serous ovarian ca., CA 15-3 for breast ca., and CA 19-9 for pancreatic ca. [1]. These individual dominant tumor markers are recommended for monitoring during treatment and detecting recurrence for patients with different types of carcinoma.…”

Section: Sensitivity Of Individual Tumor Markersmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…It is well known that currently employed circulating monoclonal antibody-defined tumor markers do not have sufficient specificity and sensitivity for cancer detection [1]. As a consequence, circulating tumor markers are not recommended for screening asymptomatic individuals for cancer, with the exception of prostate specific antigen (PSA) for prostate cancer [2] and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) for hepatoma in Asian countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As disease progresses, the levels of tumor markers often increase, and the highest circulating concentration of tumor markers is usually detected at the advanced metastatic stage [1]. In earlier studies we learned that most metastatic malignant diseases are associated with the elevation of not just one but multiple tumor markers [3], especially following metastasis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of carcinomas in an asymptomatic Chinese population: advantage of screening with multiple tumor markers

Tsao¹,

Wu²,

Hong³

et al. 2006

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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A total of 73,443 asymptomatic individuals were screened on a voluntary basis for cancer at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital in Taiwan using a panel of tumor markers, including alpha fetoprotein (AFP), CA 125, CA 15‐3, CA 19‐9, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), prostate specific antigen (PSA), chromogranin A (CgA), and squamous cell specific antigen (SCC). The results are derived from data collected from January 1998 to October 2003. A total of 210 cancers (approximately 0.3%) were detected, including cancers of the liver, lung, colon, prostate, stomach, pancreas, breast, cervix, ovary, and bladder. Of the tumor markers monitored, elevated CA 19‐9, CEA, and CA 125 were the most frequently detected in a variety of cancers. It was surprising to find that many cancers were not detected by their dominant markers but by the elevation of tumor markers not recommended for monitoring their tumor activity. Screening with multiple circulating tumor markers provides improved sensitivity for cancer detection in asymptomatic individuals before they reach the fatal advanced stage. Screening with multiple tumor markers also allows cancers to be detected in the absence of their dominant markers. If we had not measured the multiple tumor markers, these cancers would have gone undetected. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 20:42–46, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Liquid chromatographic and mass spectrometric analysis of human serum acid alpha‐1‐glycoprotein

Kremmer

Szöllosi

Boldizsár

et al. 2004

Biomedical Chromatography

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Human serum acid alpha-1-glycoprotein (AGP, orosomucoid) content of healthy individuals and cancer patients was measured, isolated and purified using a protocol of fast and biocompatible sample preparation, ion exchange and dye-ligand affinity chromatographic methods. In comparison to the healthy individuals significantly higher serum AGP levels were found in a wide spectrum of cancer patients, indicating its diagnostic value in the malignant disease. Oligosaccharide content of AGP samples was separated following PNGase F enzyme digestion and analysed by RP-HPLC and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. RP-HPLC and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometric analysis of sugar constituents of AGP specimen originated from selected cancer patients with high serum AGP levels indicated the appearance of anomal distribution of bi-, tri- and tetra-antennary oligosaccharide structures compared to the healthy controls.

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Types of Circulating Tumor Markers and Their Clinical Applications

Cited by 4 publications

References 34 publications

Qualitative β-hCG urine assays may be misleading in the presence of molar pregnancy: a case report

Qualitative β-hCG urine assays may be misleading in the presence of molar pregnancy: a case report

Detection of carcinomas in an asymptomatic Chinese population: advantage of screening with multiple tumor markers

Liquid chromatographic and mass spectrometric analysis of human serum acid alpha‐1‐glycoprotein

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