Type Studies in<i>Russula</i>Subgenus<i>Heterophyllidia</i>from the Eastern United States

Buyck, Bart; Adamčík, Slavomír

doi:10.7872/crym.v32.iss2.2011.151

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Buyck & al. (2008a), Adamčík & Buyck (2010, Buyck & Adamčík (2011a and re-described the micromorphology of many type specimens for species occurring in eastern North America. More recently, they extended their type studies to western North American species as well (Buyck & al., 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Troubles with mycorrhizal mushroom identification where morphological differentiation lags behind barcode sequence divergence

Bazzicalupo

Buyck

Saar

et al. 2017

TAXON

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Species of Russula (Russulaceae), a large, cosmopolitan, ectomycorrhizal fungal genus are notoriously difficult to identify. To delimit species and to evaluate their morphology, we sequenced the ~400 bp ITS2 ribosomal DNA region from 713 Pacific Northwest Russula specimens from Benjamin Woo's exceptional collection. As a topological constraint for analysis of the ITS2, we sequenced and inferred a phylogeny from the ITS, LSU, RPB2 and EF1-α regions from 50 European and North American specimens of major clades in Russula. We delimited 72 candidate species from Woo's collection's ITS2 sequences using ABGD, GMYC, PTP, and mothur software. To guide application of names, we sequenced a ~200 bp portion of the ITS from 18 American type specimens. Of the 72 delimited species, 28 matched a type or a currently barcoded European species. Among the remaining 44 are poorly known or undescribed species. We tested the congruence of morphology with delimitations for 23 species represented by 10 or more specimens each. No morphological character alone was consistently diagnostic across all specimens of any of the 23 candidate species. Ordination of combined field characters followed by pairwise multivariate analysis of variance showed that centroids were significantly different in 221 of 253 species pair comparisons. Ordination also showed that specimens from the same species were widely dispersed, overlapping with specimens from other species. This explains why only 48.5% of specimens were correctly assigned to their species in a canonical variates analysis of combined field and spore characters. Based on sequence comparisons, we contribute to correcting the broad and confusing misapplications of European names that have long obscured patterns of Russula's geographical distribution and diversification. Our evidence suggests that morphology in Russula diverges slowly, and that phenotypic plasticity, convergence, or retention of ancestral polymorphisms blur the distinctions among recently derived species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Troubles with mycorrhizal mushroom identification where morphological differentiation lags behind barcode sequence divergence

Bazzicalupo

Buyck

Saar

et al. 2017

TAXON

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“…Another possible close species within Virescentinae is Russula heterosporoides Murrill described from Florida (USA) (Buyck, 2010). The original description of the type specimen of R. heterosporoides by Murrill (1944) and later type studies by Buyck and Adamcik (2011) reveal a dull white pileus with slight yellowish center, striatetuberculate pileus margin, but with distinctly ellipsoid basidiospores with a mean Q value of 1.55 and therefore quite different from the newly described R. kanadii. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Both the macro-and micromorphological characters (see diagnosis) as well as the significant support for its phylogenetic placement (MLBS = 90%, PP = 0.84) confirm Russula kanadii within subclade-C of clade-I (Figure 1) or subsect. Virescentinae as it is defined in modern revisions (Sarnari, 1998;Buyck and Adamcik, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new species of Russula (Russulaceae) from India based on morphological and molecular (ITS sequence) data

Dutta¹,

Paloi²,

Pradhan³

et al. 2015

Turk J Bot

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Russula kanadii (Russulaceae, Basidiomycota) is described as a new species from West Bengal, India, and is assigned to the subgenus Heterophyllidia, section Heterophyllae, and subsection Virescentinae. A comprehensive description, photographs, and comparisons with morphologically similar and phylogenetically related species are provided. Inferences of its phylogenetic relationships within the genus are provided based on the sequence of the nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region.

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“…Among the basket of mushrooms which they usually gather for their regular dishes, a unique mushroom, commonly called “JHAL PATRA” (JHAL = because of its acrid taste; PATRA = Mushroom) was chosen and brought to the laboratory for thorough taxonomic investigation. Detailed microscopic work was performed using the protocol of Buyck & Adamcik (2011) and it was identified as Russula senecis S. Imai using standard literatures ( Imai, 1938 ; Zhishu, Guoyang & Taihui, 1993 ; Das, 2009 ). Colour codes and terms (mostly) follow the Royal Botanic Gardens Edinburgh colour chart ( Henderson, Orton & Watling, 1969 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ProspectingRussula senecis: a delicacy among the tribes of West Bengal

Khatua

Dutta

Acharya

2015

PeerJ

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Russula senecis, a worldwide distributed mushroom, is exclusively popular among the tribal communities of West Bengal for food purposes. The present study focuses on its reliable taxonomic identification through macro- and micro-morphological features, DNA barcoding, confirmation of its systematic placement by phylogenetic analyses, myco-chemicals and functional activities. For the first time, the complete Internal Transcribed Spacer region of R. senecis has been sequenced and its taxonomic position within subsection Foetentinae under series Ingratae of the subgen. Ingratula is confirmed through phylogenetic analysis. For exploration of its medicinal properties, dried basidiocarps were subjected for preparation of a heat stable phenol rich extract (RusePre) using water and ethanol as solvent system. The antioxidant activity was evaluated through hydroxyl radical scavenging (EC50 5 µg/ml), chelating ability of ferrous ion (EC50 0.158 mg/ml), DPPH radical scavenging (EC50 1.34 mg/ml), reducing power (EC50 2.495 mg/ml) and total antioxidant activity methods (13.44 µg ascorbic acid equivalent/mg of extract). RusePre exhibited antimicrobial potentiality against Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, different parameters were tested to investigate its chemical composition, which revealed the presence of appreciable quantity of phenolic compounds, along with carotenoids and ascorbic acid. HPLC-UV fingerprint indicated the probable existence of at least 13 phenolics, of which 10 were identified (pyrogallol > kaempferol > quercetin > chlorogenic acid > ferulic acid, cinnamic acid > vanillic acid > salicylic acid > p-coumaric acid > gallic acid). Result from the present work suggests that the fraction, RusePre, may open novel prospect as a functional ingredient in antioxidant supplements and in drugs to treat infectious disease.

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Type Studies inRussulaSubgenusHeterophyllidiafrom the Eastern United States

Cited by 12 publications

References 7 publications

Troubles with mycorrhizal mushroom identification where morphological differentiation lags behind barcode sequence divergence

Troubles with mycorrhizal mushroom identification where morphological differentiation lags behind barcode sequence divergence

A new species of Russula (Russulaceae) from India based on morphological and molecular (ITS sequence) data

ProspectingRussula senecis: a delicacy among the tribes of West Bengal

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