“…The supreme performance of the ZnO/Ni-CAT-based PD can be further explained by the energy band diagrams, which are illustrated in Figure . The work functions (WFs, ϕ) of n-type ZnO, p-type Ni-CAT, Au electrode, and Ag electrode are 4.0, 5.0, 5.1, and 4.26 eV, respectively. , The band gap of n-type ZnO and p-type Ni-CAT are 3.31 and 2.68 eV, respectively. , (Figure a,c). For ZnO/Ni-CAT-0 based PDs, the ZnO can absorb photogenerated holes due to the BEF ( V bi ) generated at the Schottky junction of the Au/ZnO and Ag/ZnO interface.…”