Type 1 diabetes epidemic in Finland is triggered by zinc-containing amorphous silica nanoparticles

Junnila, Sanni

doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2015.01.021

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Finland has the highest incidence of type 1 diabetes in the world [ 89 ]. Many theories have been proposed to explain the epidemic such as exposure to certain toxic substances [ 90 ] and coxsackievirus B infections that trigger the development of autoimmunity [ 91 ]. It is however likely that this can be explained by the lack of sunlight exposure resulting in a high rate of vitamin D deficiency in Finnish population especially in northern Finland.…”

Section: Vitamin D and Immune-related Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunologic Effects of Vitamin D on Human Health and Disease

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vitamin D is responsible for regulation of calcium and phosphate metabolism and maintaining a healthy mineralized skeleton. It is also known as an immunomodulatory hormone. Experimental studies have shown that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, the active form of vitamin D, exerts immunologic activities on multiple components of the innate and adaptive immune system as well as endothelial membrane stability. Association between low levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and increased risk of developing several immune-related diseases and disorders, including psoriasis, type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, tuberculosis, sepsis, respiratory infection, and COVID-19, has been observed. Accordingly, a number of clinical trials aiming to determine the efficacy of administration of vitamin D and its metabolites for treatment of these diseases have been conducted with variable outcomes. Interestingly, recent evidence suggests that some individuals might benefit from vitamin D more or less than others as high inter-individual difference in broad gene expression in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in response to vitamin D supplementation has been observed. Although it is still debatable what level of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D is optimal, it is advisable to increase vitamin D intake and have sensible sunlight exposure to maintain serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D at least 30 ng/mL (75 nmol/L), and preferably at 40–60 ng/mL (100–150 nmol/L) to achieve the optimal overall health benefits of vitamin D.

show abstract

Section: Vitamin D and Immune-related Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunologic Effects of Vitamin D on Human Health and Disease

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…One meta-analysis involving 16 studies and more than 10,000 participants proved a significant inverse association between 25(OH)D concentration and the risk of developing T1D [ 214 , 230 ]. Other risk factors are proposed for the development of autoimmunity, such as exposure to toxic substances [ 231 ] and coxsackievirus B infections [ 232 ].…”

Section: Vitamin D and Immune-related And Autoimmune Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Update on the Effects of Vitamin D on the Immune System and Autoimmune Diseases

Simu

Rednic

Grama

et al. 2022

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vitamin D intervenes in calcium and phosphate metabolism and bone homeostasis. Experimental studies have shown that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (calcitriol) generates immunologic activities on the innate and adaptive immune system and endothelial membrane stability. Low levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) are associated with an increased risk of developing immune-related diseases such as psoriasis, type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, and autoimmune diseases. Various clinical trials describe the efficacy of supplementation of vitamin D and its metabolites for treating these diseases that result in variable outcomes. Different disease outcomes are observed in treatment with vitamin D as high inter-individual difference is present with complex gene expression in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. However, it is still not fully known what level of serum 25(OH)D is needed. The current recommendation is to increase vitamin D intake and have enough sunlight exposure to have serum 25(OH)D at a level of 30 ng/mL (75 nmol/L) and better at 40–60 ng/mL (100–150 nmol/L) to obtain the optimal health benefits of vitamin D.

show abstract

“…Previous studies reported that AlO NP could induce oxidative stress via increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (Li et al 2012;Prabhakar et al 2012;Morsy et al 2013a). Nanoparticles have also been associated with induction of autoimmune diseases, such as irritable bowel syndrome, Crohn's disease and Type 1 diabetes (Petrarca et al 2006;Borgognoni et al 2015;Junnila 2015). In addition, accumulated data has suggested that nanoparticles that enter the body via the respiratory system, skin or gastrointestinal tract can translocate to other tissues via various transfer routes/ mechanisms and that their distribution and toxicity depend on their secondary properties in biocompatible fluids and behaviors in bodily fluids as well as their primary properties (Oberdörster et al 2005;Li et al 2009;Roy et al 2014;Bruinink et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A higher aspect ratio enhanced bioaccumulation and altered immune responses due to intravenously-injected aluminum oxide nanoparticles

Park

Kim

Kang

et al. 2016

Journal of Immunotoxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aluminum oxide nanoparticles (AlO NP) have been widely utilized in a variety of areas, including in the optical, biomedical and electronic fields and in the overall development of nanotechnologies. However, their toxicological profiles are still not fully developed. This study compared the distribution and immunotoxicity of two rod-types of AlO NP. As reported previously, the two types of AlO NP had different aspect ratios (long-type: 6.2 ± 0.6, short-type: 2.1 ± 0.4), but the size and surface charge were very similar. On Day 14 after a single intravenous (IV) injection (1.25 or 5 mg/kg), both AlO NP accumulated primarily in the liver and spleen and altered the levels of redox response-related elements. The accumulated level was higher in mice exposed to the long-type AlO NP compared to the short-type. Additionally, it was noted that the levels of IL-1β, IL-8 and MCP-1 were enhanced in the blood of mice exposed to both types of AlO NP and the percentages of neutrophils and monocytes among all white blood cells were increased only in mice injected with the long-type AlO NP (5 mg/kg). In addition, as compared to the control, co-expression of CD80 and CD86 (necessary for antigen presentation) on splenocytes together with a decreased expression of chemotaxis-related marker (CD195) was attenuated by exposure to the AlO NP, especially the long-type. Taken together, the data suggest that accumulation following a single IV injection with rod-types of AlO NP is strengthened by a high aspect ratio and, subsequently, this accumulation has the potential to influence immune functions in an exposed host.

show abstract

Type 1 diabetes epidemic in Finland is triggered by zinc-containing amorphous silica nanoparticles

Cited by 12 publications

References 33 publications

Immunologic Effects of Vitamin D on Human Health and Disease

Immunologic Effects of Vitamin D on Human Health and Disease

An Update on the Effects of Vitamin D on the Immune System and Autoimmune Diseases

A higher aspect ratio enhanced bioaccumulation and altered immune responses due to intravenously-injected aluminum oxide nanoparticles

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About