Two waterfalls do not hear each other. Sand-storage dams, science and sustainable development in Kenya

Ertsen, Maurits W.; Hut, Rolf

doi:10.1016/j.pce.2008.03.009

Cited by 40 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Several hundred sand dams have been built in eastern Kenya in the past decade. Sand dams are applicable in drylands with seasonal rivers with sandy sediments and accessible bedrock [45].…”

Section: Macro-catchment Water Harvestingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifaceted Impacts of Sustainable Land Management in Drylands: A Review

et al. 2016

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Biophysical restoration or rehabilitation measures of land have demonstrated to be effective in many scientific projects and small-scale environmental experiments. However circumstances such as poverty, weak policies, or inefficient scientific knowledge transmission can hinder the effective upscaling of land restoration and the long term maintenance of proven sustainable use of soil and water. This may be especially worrisome in lands with harsh environmental conditions. This review covers recent efforts in landscape restoration and rehabilitation with a functional perspective aiming to simultaneously achieve ecosystem sustainability, economic efficiency, and social wellbeing. Water management and rehabilitation of ecosystem services in croplands, rangelands, forests, and coastlands are reviewed. The joint analysis of such diverse ecosystems provides a wide perspective to determine: (i) multifaceted impacts on biophysical and socio-economic factors; and (ii) elements influencing effective upscaling of sustainable land management practices. One conclusion can be highlighted: voluntary adoption is based on different pillars, i.e. external material and economic support, and spread of success information at the local scale to demonstrate the multidimensional benefits of sustainable land management. For the successful upscaling of land management, more attention must be paid to the social system from the first involvement stage, up to the long term maintenance.

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“…Several hundred sand dams have been built in eastern Kenya in the past decade. Sand dams are applicable in drylands with seasonal rivers with sandy sediments and accessible bedrock [45].…”

Section: Macro-catchment Water Harvestingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifaceted Impacts of Sustainable Land Management in Drylands: A Review

et al. 2016

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“…The typical heights of these dams ranged from 1 to 4 meters above the surface 3,19 . There were two types of construction: one using a wall facing filled with bricks or stones, and the other a timber framework filled with stones and mortar, but when stones were not available, other materials (e.g., plastic foil, galvanized iron, or clay lugs) were used.…”

Section: Recent Underground Dams (After 1990)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, abstracting water from the reservoir is easier with coarse sediments. Nevertheless, some Kitui dams were built in half a year 3 . The setting and design of underground dam structures necessitate technical expertise, especially to avoid siltation and leakage.…”

Section: Recent Underground Dams (After 1990)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sustainable Use of Groundwater with Underground Dams

Ishida

Tsuchihara

Yoshimoto

et al. 2011

JARQ

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A subsurface dam is a facility that stores groundwater in the pores of strata and uses groundwater in a sustainable way. These dams have many merits that surface dams do not, e.g., land is not submerged to store water and there is no danger of breaching due to natural or manmade disasters. In addition, the surface area can be used in the same way before and after construction of the subsurface dam. Because of these merits, there are many underground dams in the world. This paper reviews the basics about underground dams, the construction of underground dams around the world, and the problems involved in the sustainable use of groundwater. According to a recent review of the construction of underground dams, the scale of underground dam projects has grown. Some problems with underground dams reported in the past, i.e., sedimentation, flooding, collapse, and salination, occurred because of human error, as well as the immaturity and complexity of geological features. In terms of water quality, long-term monitoring was carried out after construction of underground dams on Miyako Island, Japan. To deal with any problems, countries must exchange information gathered from their experiences in constructing underground dams.

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“…In arid and semiarid regions, where surface water resources are very scarce or even non-existent, groundwater is the only available water resource. As a consequence, greater attention is being placed on how to manage groundwater without causing unacceptable environmental, economic, or social consequences (ONDER; YILMAZ, 2005;RAJU;REDDY;MUNIRATHNAM, 2006;ERTSEN;HUT, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GPR 3d Profile of the Adequateness of Underground Dams in a Sub-Watershed of the Brazilian Semiarid

et al. 2018

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-The conventional method monitoring and adequateness of underground dams requires invasive investigatory actions with in their interior structure and only provides specific information for small volumes. On the contrary, application of non-invasive sensing techniques, such as ground penetrating radar (GPR), makes it possible to investigate and explore underground without affecting their structure. A GRP 3D profile was acquired with the aim to allot and monitor an underground dam in the Brazilian semiarid region in the alluvial sub-watershed of the Riacho Pau Lavrado in the Sertão Central de Lajes region of the state of Rio Grande do Norte in Brazil. The GPR profile records were acquired along an alluvial section, processed using the Reflex 5 software and exported into the Opendetec 4.4.0 software in order to obtain a virtual 3D model. The GPR 3D profile of the alluvial deposits shows irregularities of the crystalline basement and external topographical surface (soil). The interpretation of the alluvial GPR profile allows precise adequateness of the underground dam, which supports an increase in the area of hydric accumulation and promotes low-cost building due to the allocation selected with minor sedimentation.

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Two waterfalls do not hear each other. Sand-storage dams, science and sustainable development in Kenya

Cited by 40 publications

References 5 publications

Multifaceted Impacts of Sustainable Land Management in Drylands: A Review

Multifaceted Impacts of Sustainable Land Management in Drylands: A Review

Sustainable Use of Groundwater with Underground Dams

GPR 3d Profile of the Adequateness of Underground Dams in a Sub-Watershed of the Brazilian Semiarid

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