Two-terminal negative dynamic resistance

Stanley, I.W.; Ager, David J.

doi:10.1049/el:19700001

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The basis of these circuits is formed by various combinations of BJT and FET. Conventionally, the circuits with NDR can be classified into the following groups: circuits with MOS transistors [7,8,[16][17][18]21], circuits with BJT transistors [10,14], circuits with BJT and JFET [11][12][13][14][15], circuits with JFET and MOS transistors [12,22], circuits with BJT and MOS transistors [9,20], and circuits with BJT and HBT [19]. It should be noted that in the known NDR devices and circuits it is practically impossible to change the angle of inclination of the current-voltage characteristics in the area of negative resistance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Substituting V DS0 and V GS0 from (11) and (13) to the Statz model [24,25], we get the following nonlinear equations in respect to the drain current I 1 :…”

Section: Threshold Calculated Value Simulated Value Error %mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Substituting (11) and (13) into 5, we find that when transistor Q 0 operates in the triode mode, the following relationship holds between the supply voltage V xy and the voltages V EB and V P0 :…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As can be seen from (11), (13), (14), (16), (17), and (23), to calculate the currents and voltages related to the thresholds of the circuit current-voltage characteristics, it is necessary to know the current I 1 . Modeling the current I 1 depends on the type of FET Q 0 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electronic Circuit with Controllable Negative Differential Resistance and its Applications

2019

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Electronic devices and circuits with negative differential resistance (NDR) are widely used in oscillators, memory devices, frequency multipliers, mixers, etc. Such devices and circuits usually have an N-, S-, or Λ-type current-voltage characteristics. In the known NDR devices and circuits, it is practically impossible to increase the negative resistance without changing the type or the dimensions of transistors. Moreover, some of them have three terminals assuming two power supplies. In this paper, a new NDR circuit that comprises a combination of a field effect transistor (FET) and a simple bipolar junction transistor (BJT) current mirror (CM) with multiple outputs is proposed. A distinctive feature of the proposed circuit is the ability to change the magnitude of the NDR by increasing the number of outputs in the CM. Mathematical expressions are derived to calculate the threshold currents and voltages of the N-type current-voltage characteristics for various types of FET. The calculated current and voltage thresholds are compared with the simulation results. The possible applications of the proposed NDR circuit for designing single-frequency oscillators and voltage-controlled oscillators (VCO) are considered. The designed NDR VCO has a very low level of phase noise and has one of the best values of a standard figure of merit (FOM) among recently published VCOs. The effectiveness of the proposed oscillators is confirmed by the simulation results and the implemented prototype.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Substituting V DS0 and V GS0 from (11) and (13) to the Statz model [24,25], we get the following nonlinear equations in respect to the drain current I 1 :…”

Section: Threshold Calculated Value Simulated Value Error %mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electronic Circuit with Controllable Negative Differential Resistance and its Applications

2019

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“…Esaki [13,14] and Gunn [15] were the pioneers of N-type NDR devices developing the tunnel and Gunn diodes, respectively, in 1957 and 1962. Stanley and Ager [16] proposed a two-terminal N-type NDR circuit based on one JFET and one bipolar junction transistor (BJT). Sharma and Dutta Roy [17] considered a versatile N-type NDR circuit comprising two BJTs and four resistors.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-Terminal Electronic Circuits with Controllable Linear NDR Region and Their Applications

Ulansky

Raza

Milke³

2021

Applied Sciences

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Negative differential resistance (NDR) is inherent in many electronic devices, in which, over a specific voltage range, the current decreases with increasing voltage. Semiconductor structures with NDR have several unique properties that stimulate the search for technological and circuitry solutions in developing new semiconductor devices and circuits experiencing NDR features. This study considers two-terminal NDR electronic circuits based on multiple-output current mirrors, such as cascode, Wilson, and improved Wilson, combined with a field-effect transistor. The undoubted advantages of the proposed electronic circuits are the linearity of the current-voltage characteristics in the NDR region and the ability to regulate the value of negative resistance by changing the number of mirrored current sources. We derive equations for each proposed circuit to calculate the NDR region’s total current and differential resistance. We consider applications of NDR circuits for designing microwave single frequency oscillators and voltage-controlled oscillators. The problem of choosing the optimal oscillator topology is examined. We show that the designed oscillators based on NDR circuits with Wilson and improved Wilson multiple-output current mirrors have high efficiency and extremely low phase noise. For a single frequency oscillator consuming 33.9 mW, the phase noise is −154.6 dBc/Hz at a 100 kHz offset from a 1.310 GHz carrier. The resulting figure of merit is −221.6 dBc/Hz. The implemented oscillator prototype confirms the theoretical achievements.

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A versatile design giving both N-type and S-type of negative-resistances

Sharma

Roy

1972

Microelectronics Reliability

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Two-terminal negative dynamic resistance

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Electronic Circuit with Controllable Negative Differential Resistance and its Applications

Electronic Circuit with Controllable Negative Differential Resistance and its Applications

Two-Terminal Electronic Circuits with Controllable Linear NDR Region and Their Applications

A versatile design giving both N-type and S-type of negative-resistances

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