Two‐step procedure of whole orthotopic intestinal transplantation in rats: Considerations of techniques and graft functional adaptation

Li, Yousheng; Zhu, Liang; Li, Jieshou

doi:10.1002/micr.20259

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Studies concerning disaccharidase activity (DA) in the intestine have produced discrepant results. While some experiments found a correlation between DA and morphology, other studies have refuted that fact (Gupta et al, 1999;Arcuni et al, 2000;Vieira et al, 2000;Huang et al, 2005;Li et al, 2006;Oltean et al, 2007;Tori et al, 2007;Prasad et al, 2008;Cuong et al, 2011). Despite these discrepancies, it is accepted that DA decrease resulting from pathological situations leads to poor nutrition status (Gebhard et al, 1983;Tran et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The relationship between morphology and disaccharidase activity in ischemia- reperfusion injured intestine.

et al. 2012

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Background: Questions regarding functional markers characterizing injured intestines remain unanswered. Brush border disaccharidases are crucial for the functioning of the intestines. Aims: The study was designed to assess changes in disaccharidase activity (DA) following intestinal injury and to compare them with morphological changes. Methods: Wistar rats, randomly divided into six experimental groups (each n = 6), were subjected to different ischemic/reperfusion injury. One-hour mesenteric ischemia followed by reperfusion for 0, 1, 2, 4, 12 or 24 hours was induced. As a control group sham-operated animals were used (n = 6). Intestine morphology was evaluated using histopathological injury index (HII) and goblet cell (GC) detection. DA (sucrase and maltase) was studied in mucosal scrape or in entire intestinal wall samples. Results: Moderate morphological damage (HII, GC) after mesenteric ischemia was detected. Deepening of the injury was found during reperfusion with a maximum after two hours. Improved morphology with longer reperfusion confirmed reversible damage with almost normal mucosal structure after 24 hours of reperfusion. Similar pattern was observed when DA was measured. The lowest activity was detected after 2 hours of reperfusion followed by increasing activity in the subsequent reperfusion periods. Physiological values after 24 hours of reperfusion were seen only in samples of entire intestinal wall. Conclusions: Significant changes in intestinal DA were observed after intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury. A similar pattern was seen for morphological characteristics. Although based on microscopic survey the intestine seems to be fairly regenerated, some functional limitation is expected to persist.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The relationship between morphology and disaccharidase activity in ischemia- reperfusion injured intestine.

et al. 2012

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“…On the basis of our previous experience, heterotopic intestine transplantation (HITx) is less technically challenging compared to orthotopic intestine transplantation (OITx) for the dynamic study of CR in the SBT setting [14,15]. In a study by Orloff et al using this model [16], all allografts exhibited histological features of CR and 78% (36/46) of them developed transplanted arteriosclerosis on POD 45.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Sequential Observations Show Upregulation of TGF-β1 at the Early Phase of Chronic Small Bowel Rejection in Rats

Zhang

Jian

et al. 2007

Dig Dis Sci

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Although TGF-beta1 is related to chronic rejection in various solid organs, its role remains controversial in the setting of small bowel transplantation. The aim of this study is to investigate the distinct role of TGF-beta1 and its receptors in the setting of chronic small bowel rejection. Sequential protocol biopsies were performed every 2 weeks from week 2 till week 8 after transplantation and recipients were sacrificed at week 16 as the end point. Gene expression was evaluated by SYBR Green I real-time polymerase chain reaction and protein was determined by immunohistochemistry. The gene expressions of TGF-beta1 and Type I receptor were upregulated and attained statistical significance at 4, 6 and 8 weeks in allografts. Dynamic expressions of TGF-beta1 and Type I receptor mRNA shown by sequential protocol biopsies support the view that TGF-beta1 signaling is involved in the pathogenesis of chronic small bowel rejection, especially at the early phase.

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“…20 Over time, modifications have been made to this model to shorten procedure time and increase survival rate. [21][22][23][24][25] However, intestinal transplant has had a slower development versus other organs because of its complexity and severe immune response. 26 Heart transplant models can be established by several surgical methods, such as the abdominal double vascular anastomosis model of Ono and Lindsey, 27 the abdominal single artery anastomosis model of Lee and associates, 28 and the double cuff vascular anastomosis model of Heron.…”

Section: Validation Of Donor-specific Tolerance Of Intestinal Transplmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2017

Exp Clin Transplant

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Objectives: It is well accepted that survival after a second organ transplant without immunosuppressive agents indicates tolerance for the first transplant. To validate donor-specific tolerance, we established a rat model with a secondary heart transplant after intestinal transplant, which has so far not been described in the literature. Materials and Methods: We transplanted intestine from Fischer F344 rats to Lewis rats orthotopically. Lewis rats received tacrolimus pretreatment before transplant and a 14-day course of rapamycin 1 month after transplant. At 120 days after primary intestinal transplant, hearts from 6 F344 rats (group A) or 6 Brown Norway rats (group B) were transplanted to Lewis rats that had survived intestinal transplant and without additional immunosuppressive agents. We analyzed survival data, histologic changes, cells positive for the ED1 macrophage marker in transplanted hearts, and 3 lymphocyte levels in both groups. Results: Thirty days after secondary heart transplant, group A hearts were continuously beating; however, group B hearts stopped beating at around 10 days after transplant (8.5 ± 1.5 d; P < .05). Our histologic study showed that both groups had muscle damage and cellular infiltration in hearts that were distinctly different from normal hearts, with ED1-positive cells counted in both groups (85 ± 16 in group A, 116 ± 28 in group B; P > .05). Fluorescence-activated cell sorting showed that CD4/CD25-positive regulatory T cell, CTLA4/CD4/CD25-positive regulatory T cell, and Natural killer T-cell levels were significantly higher level in group A versus B (P < .05). Conclusions:The donor-specific tolerance that we observed was possibly a state of "clinical tolerance" rather than "immunologic tolerance." Our rat model is a feasible and reliable model to study donor-specific tolerance. The higher levels of lymphocytic T cells shown in intestinal transplant recipients were associated with longer allograft survival, possibly contributing to donor-specific tolerance.

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Two‐step procedure of whole orthotopic intestinal transplantation in rats: Considerations of techniques and graft functional adaptation

Cited by 9 publications

References 20 publications

The relationship between morphology and disaccharidase activity in ischemia- reperfusion injured intestine.

The relationship between morphology and disaccharidase activity in ischemia- reperfusion injured intestine.

Sequential Observations Show Upregulation of TGF-β1 at the Early Phase of Chronic Small Bowel Rejection in Rats

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