Citrus is a globally important, perennial fruit crop whose rhizosphere microbiome is thought to play an important role in promoting citrus growth and health. Here, we report a comprehensive analysis of the structural and functional composition of the citrus rhizosphere microbiome. We use both amplicon and deep shotgun metagenomic sequencing of bulk soil and rhizosphere samples collected across distinct biogeographical regions from six continents. Predominant taxa include Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria and Bacteroidetes. The core citrus rhizosphere microbiome comprises Pseudomonas, Agrobacterium, Cupriavidus, Bradyrhizobium, Rhizobium, Mesorhizobium, Burkholderia, Cellvibrio, Sphingomonas, Variovorax and Paraburkholderia, some of which are potential plant beneficial microbes. We also identify over-represented microbial functional traits mediating plant-microbe and microbe-microbe interactions, nutrition acquisition and plant growth promotion in citrus rhizosphere. The results provide valuable information to guide microbial isolation and culturing and, potentially, to harness the power of the microbiome to improve plant production and health.
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) is a powerful new technique that will have a great impact on food analysis. This study is the first to demonstrate the applicability of MALDI-MS to perform both qualitative and quantitative analyses of anthocyanins in food. 2,4, 6-Trihydroxyacetophenone (THAP) was found to be a good matrix for analysis of anthocyanins, with the best spot-to-spot repeatability. After a simple sample preparation, the presence of anthocyanins as cations with molecular masses was found in ratios expected from their fruit sources. Quantification of anthocyanins should be possible by choosing appropriate internal standards. MALDI-MS responses were linear, groups of chemically similar anthocyanins had similar responses, and addition of an internal standard had no effect on relative responses of the other anthocyanins.
Short bowel syndrome patients have a marked intestinal dysbiosis with type II SBS characterized by Proteobacteria and type III SBS featured by Lactobacillus, resulting in altered functional profiles of fecal microbiomes.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.