Two-Shift Operation of 500 MW Boiler/Turbine Generating Units

Beatt, R J I; Birch, W L; Hinton, S E; Pully, M J; Wright, Greg; Wright, W.

doi:10.1243/pime_proc_1983_197_026_02

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…To get such operating flexibility from such a large plant is a notable engineering achievement requiring skill in operation and maintenance and good design and construction. Other oil fired stations achieved comparable flexibility [23]. But during the coal shortage Grain Power Station went on to a different regime.…”

Section: Load Following Capabilities At Grain Power Stationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The 1985 Lord Nelson of Stafford Lecture. Electricity in the UK

Marshall

1986

IEE Proc. A Phys. Sci. Meas. Instrum. Manage. Educ. Rev. UK

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The paper describes the development of the electricity grid in the United Kingdom from its establishment in 1935. It originally allowed a pooling of the generating capability of many undertakings, and then led quickly to lower overall costs. After the second world war there was vast expansion of demand. In the 1950s and 1960s the 275 kV and 400 kV grids were built, and the present network, with relatively modest extensions and regular refurbishment, appears strong enough to serve beyond the turn of the century.

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Section: Load Following Capabilities At Grain Power Stationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The 1985 Lord Nelson of Stafford Lecture. Electricity in the UK

Marshall

1986

IEE Proc. A Phys. Sci. Meas. Instrum. Manage. Educ. Rev. UK

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“…In the final simulations, 2 flow through simulations (with a step time of 5 × 10 −5 s) were initially performed in order to develop the flow, with results in the control region averaged over the subsequent 3 flow through simulations. Heat transfer coefficients in the model were determined using equation (1), where T hot and T cold (representing the inflow and wall temperatures, respectively) were assumed to be 841K and 820K, respectively, andq is the calculated wall heat flux. Assumed flow medium parameters are given in table 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case study investigation into the effects of spatially dependent convection coefficients on the fatigue response of a power plant header component

Rouse

Zacharzewski

Hyde

et al. 2018

International Journal of Fatigue

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Societal and environmental pressures are forcing thermal power plant operators to deviate greatly from the generation strategies of the past. The application of high frequency start up/shut down/partial load cycles to components that may well be outside their design life makes research into the long-term integrity of at risk assets paramount. Decoupled thermal/mechanical analyses have been used in the literature to estimate anisothermal fatigue in header components, with convective boundary conditions typically assumed for internal surfaces in order to determine heat fluxes and hence a temperature field. In reality, convective coefficients are heavily dependent upon local velocity profiles. In the present work, computational fluid dynamics is used in order to better approximate the steam flow in a real power plant header, leading to a convection coefficient field that is used to solve the thermal problem. Anisothermal fatigue analysis is finally conducted using a Chaboche type model. The results of computational fluid dynamics have illustrated that heat transfer coefficient values can vary (spatially) by a factor of 5.49 over the internal header wall, with noticeable hot spots in the wake of the stub penetrations. Peak differences of 6.47% in accumulated plastic strain levels have been observed between simulations conducted with constant (simplified) and variable (computational fluid dynamics derived) thermal boundary conditions.

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“…Present operation trends aim to reduce carbon emissions; therefore renewable energy power plants have become prominent and thermal plants are expected to operate intermittently. Due to the intermittent nature (repeated start-stop operations and two shifting [10]) of these generation requirements power plant components are subjected to thermo-mechanical fatigue (TMF) loads. Hence, it is important to predict mechanical response and lifetime of P91 under such conditions (and to investigate the suitability of P91 for power plants under intermittent loading).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of material parameters for a unified viscoplasticity-damage model for a P91 power plant steel

Kyaw

Rouse

et al. 2016

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences

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The version presented here may differ from the published version or from the version of record. If you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher's version. Please see the repository url above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription. AbstractSocietal pressures are mounting on electricity operators to operate traditional fossil-fuel power plants in an efficient and flexible manner in conjunction with renewable power plants. This requires the uses of high frequency start up -shut down load profiles in order to better match market demands. As such, high temperature/pressure components such as steam pipe sections and headers experience fluctuating mechanical and thermal loads. There is therefore an industrial need for the accurate prediction of fatigue and creep damage in order to estimate remnant component life. In the present work, a continuum damage model has been coupled with a Chaboche unified viscoplastic constitutive model in order to predict stress-strain behaviour of a P91 martensitic steel (a material used for power plant steam pipes) due to cyclic plasticity and damage accumulation. The experimental data used here are from the previous work [1]. Cyclic fully reversed strain controlled experiments (±0.4%, ±0.25% and ±0.2% strain ranges) and cyclic test with a dwell period (±0.5% strain ranges) for a P91 martensitic steel under isothermal conditions (600°C) are utilised. The physically relevant material parameters are determined and optimised using experimental results. Although many material parameter identification procedures can be found in the literature [1][2][3][4][5][6], there are uncertainties in determining the limits for the parameters used in the optimisation procedure. This could result in unrealistic parameters while optimising using experimental data. The issue is addressed here by using additional dwell test to identify the limits for stress relaxation parameters before using Cottrell's stress partition method to identify the limits for strain hardening parameters. Accumulated stored energy for damage initiation criterion and damage evolution parameters are also extracted from the experimental results. The estimated failure lifetimes for ±0.4%, ±0.25% and ±0.2% cases are 1600, 4250 and 9500 cycles, respectively, as opposed to 1424, 3522 and 10512 cycles as given by experiments.

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Two-Shift Operation of 500 MW Boiler/Turbine Generating Units

Abstract: The paper describes the preparation for, and current practice of, daily intermittent, or ‘two-shift’, operation of large modern oil-fired 500 MW generating units by the South Western Region of the Central Electricity Generating Board at Fawley and Pembroke 2000 MW power stations.

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

The 1985 Lord Nelson of Stafford Lecture. Electricity in the UK

The 1985 Lord Nelson of Stafford Lecture. Electricity in the UK

A case study investigation into the effects of spatially dependent convection coefficients on the fatigue response of a power plant header component

Determination of material parameters for a unified viscoplasticity-damage model for a P91 power plant steel

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