Two-Phase Flow Maldistribution and Mitigation in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

Basu, Suman; Wang, Chao Yang; Chen, Ken S.

doi:10.1115/1.2971124

Cited by 24 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In contrast, a reduced d ch is more susceptible to the GDL intrusion, which can decrease the cell performance if the GDL intrusion level becomes prominent and consequently severe flow maldistribution of the reactant gases occurs over the cell. [39][40][41] Figures 10b-12b show that the cell voltage generally decreases with increasing d .…”

Section: Gdlmentioning

confidence: 95%

Multi-Variate Optimization of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells in Consideration of Effects of GDL Compression and Intrusion

Choi

Cha

kong

et al. 2022

J. Electrochem. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study applies a comprehensive surrogate-based optimization techniques to optimize the performance of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Parametric cases considering four variables are defined using latin hypercube sampling. Training and test data are generated using a multidimensional, two-phase PEMFC simulation model. Response surface approximation, radial basis neural network, and kriging surrogates are employed to construct objective functions for the PEMFC performance. There accuracies are tested and compared using root mean square error and adjusted R-square. Surrogates linked with optimization algorithms, i.e., genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization are used to determine the optimal design points. Comparative study of these surrogates reveals that the kriging model outperforms the other models in terms of prediction capability. Furthermore, the PEMFC model simulations at the optimal design points demonstrate that performance improvements of around 56–69 mV at 2.0 A/cm2 are achieved with the optimal design compared to typical PEMFC design conditions.

show abstract

Section: Gdlmentioning

confidence: 95%

Multi-Variate Optimization of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells in Consideration of Effects of GDL Compression and Intrusion

Choi

Cha

kong

et al. 2022

J. Electrochem. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Three fundamental issues critical to the channel design are explained, they are water buildup, channel heterogeneity, and flow maldistribution. Basu et al [222,223] also developed a two-phase model to study the flow maldistribution in fuel cell channels. Wang further proposed a concept of porous-media channels, see Fig.…”

Section: Gas Flow Channels Cooling Channel and Bipolar Platesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells: Technology, applications, and needs on fundamental research

et al. 2011

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells, which convert the chemical energy stored in hydrogen fuel directly and efficiently to electrical energy with water as the only byproduct, have the potential to reduce our energy use, pollutant emissions, and dependence on fossil fuels. Great deal of efforts has been made in the past, particularly during the last couple of decades or so, to advance the PEM fuel cell technology and fundamental research. Factors such as durability and cost still remain as the major barriers to fuel cell commercialization. In the past two years, more than 35% cost reduction has been achieved in fuel cell fabrication, the current status of $61/kW (2009) for transportation fuel cell is still over 50% higher than the target of the US Department of Energy (DOE), i.e. $30/kW by 2015, in order to compete with the conventional technology of internal-combustion engines. In addition, a lifetime of $2500 h (for transportation PEM fuel cells) was achieved in 2009, yet still needs to be doubled to meet the DOE's target, i.e. 5000 h. Breakthroughs are urgently needed to overcome these barriers. In this regard, fundamental studies play an important and indeed critical role. Issues such as water and heat management, and new material development remain the focus of fuel-cell performance improvement and cost reduction. Previous reviews mostly focus on one aspect, either a specific fuel cell application or a particular area of fuel cell research. The objective of this review is three folds: (1) to present the latest status of PEM fuel cell technology development and applications in the transportation, stationary, and portable/micro power generation sectors through an overview of the state-of-the-art and most recent technical progress; (2) to describe the need for fundamental research in this field and fill the gap of addressing the role of fundamental research in fuel cell technology; and (3) to outline major challenges in fuel cell technology development and the needs for fundamental research for the near future and prior to fuel cell commercialization.

show abstract

“…Simulation results demonstrate that normally oriented carbon fibres cause larger current variations on the CL. Fluid flow and mass transport in the gas channel and the GDL of a PEMFC were simulated by coupling FVM and LBM schemes [219,220], which can not only capture the pore-scale information of fluid flow and species transport, but also save computational resource. The transport properties of carbon-paper and carbon cloth GDLs were further investigated using LBM [256].…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in 3D electrode microstructure modelling for fuel cells and batteries: transport and electrochemical performance

Zhang¹,

Bertei²,

Tariq³

et al. 2019

Prog. Energy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Electrode microstructure plays an important role in the performance of electrochemical energy devices including fuel cells and batteries. Building a clear understanding of how the performance is affected by the electrode microstructure is necessary to design the optimal electrode microstructure, to achieve better device performance. 3D microstructure modelling enables us to perform simulations directly on a 3D electrode microstructure and thus link structure with performance. This paper provides an extensive review on the current state of the art in 3D microstructure modelling of transport and electrochemical performance for four promising electrochemical energy technologies: solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), redox flow batteries (RFBs) and lithium ion batteries (LIBs). Each technology has different electrode microstructures and processes, and thus presents different challenges. The most commonly used modelling methods including the finite element method (FEM) and the finite volume method (FVM) are reviewed, together with the developing lattice Boltzmann method (LBM), with the advantages and disadvantages of each method revealed. Whilst FEM and FVM have been extensively applied in simulating SOFC and LIB electrodes where the methods are capable of dealing with single phase (gas or liquid) transport, they face challenges in simulating the multiphase phenomenon present in PEMFC and some RFB electrodes. LBM is, on the other hand, well suited in simulating gas-liquid two phase flow and applications in PEMFCs and RFBs, as well as single-phase phenomenon in SOFCs and LIBs. The review also points to current challenges in 3D microstructure modelling, including the

show abstract

Two-Phase Flow Maldistribution and Mitigation in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

Cited by 24 publications

References 23 publications

Multi-Variate Optimization of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells in Consideration of Effects of GDL Compression and Intrusion

Multi-Variate Optimization of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells in Consideration of Effects of GDL Compression and Intrusion

A review of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells: Technology, applications, and needs on fundamental research

Progress in 3D electrode microstructure modelling for fuel cells and batteries: transport and electrochemical performance

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About