Two new species of spiruroid nematodes in birds from Kangean Island, Indonesia

Abstract

Two new species of spiruroid nematodes in birds from Kangean Island, Indonesia are reported: Diplotriaena anthreptis sp. nov. is found from the abdominal cavity of Anthreptes malacensis malacensis. The new species is similar to D. ozouxi, D. bargusinica, D. delta, D. isabellina and D. obtusa in the size of tridents and the length of spicules. However, it differs from the five similar species in the structure of the tridents, in the morphology of the right spicule, in the spicule ratio and in the size of the eggs. Acuaria irhami sp. nov. is described based on two male specimens from under the gizzard lining of Dicrurus hottentottus jentincki. The new species can be distinguished easily from all congeners except from A. microecae, in having equal rather than subequal or dissimilar spicules. However, the new species can be differentiated from A. microecae in the number of postanal papillae, in the median preanal papilla and in the length of the cordons.

Diplotriaena obtusa (Nematoda: Diplotriaenidae) from Barn Swallows (Hirundo rustica) and Cliff Swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) Collected During Mortality Events in the Upper Midwest, USA

“…Comparative measurements listed as minimum/maximum (mean 6 standard deviation) of Diplotriaena spp. samples recovered from Hirundo rustica and those reported for Diplotriaena obtusa (Sonin, 1968), Diplotriaena tricuspis (Anderson, 1959;Sonin, 1968), Diplotriaena bargusinica (Vieira et al, 2017) and Diplotriaena anthreptis (Dewi and Zhang, 2010 III. Phylogenetic analysis by maximum likelihood method showed sequences from our study grouped with D. obtusa 18S rRNA gene sequences from a Eurasian blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus) collected in Germany (Fig.…”

“…In our analysis, Diplotriaena anthreptis (MH134560) collected from the Eurasian Jay (Garrulus glandarius) is not referenced in a publication nor linked to a morphological voucher; therefore, a confirmation that the sequence is actually from D. anthreptis was not possible. Diplotriaena anthreptis (Dewi and Zhang, 2010) was described from the brown throated sunbird (Anthreptis malacensis malacensis) from Kangean Island, Indonesia, based on the morphology of 3 female and 1 male specimens with no molecular data provided. Dewi and Zhang (2010) identified several features which separate D. anthreptis from D. obtusa, including apex of the manubrium of the trident-concave (vs. convex) and median (Sonin, 1968).…”

“…Diplotriaena anthreptis (Dewi and Zhang, 2010) was described from the brown throated sunbird (Anthreptis malacensis malacensis) from Kangean Island, Indonesia, based on the morphology of 3 female and 1 male specimens with no molecular data provided. Dewi and Zhang (2010) identified several features which separate D. anthreptis from D. obtusa, including apex of the manubrium of the trident-concave (vs. convex) and median (Sonin, 1968). However, Anderson (1959) noted that the minimummaximum length of the left spicule for D. obtusa was 600-1,100 lm, a range overlapping with D. anthreptis.…”

“…In addition, Boulenger (1928) gave a range of 950-1,200 lm for the left spicule of D. obtusa. Dewi and Zhang (2010) do not compare D. anthreptis with Diplotriaena tricuspis, which has a concave apex of the manubrium of the trident but a much longer left spicule. Anderson (1959) noted that the species of Diplotriaena exhibited highly variable morphological characters within the same species of worm and within and between different host species.…”

Acuaria paraguayensis n. sp. from Sirystes sibilator (Aves: Tyrannidae) in Paraguay and a redescription of A. mamillaris (Molin, 1860) from Cyanocorax cayanus (Corvidae) in Brazil, with a key to the species of Acuaria Bremser, 1811 (Nematoda: Acuariidae) in the New World

“…In addition, it has a didelphic female genital system and the vulva is situated in the posterior half of the body; these have also been used as diagnostic characters of Acuaria (see Yamaguti, 1961;Skryabin et al, 1965;Smogorzhevskaya, 1990). This genus has a cosmopolitan distribution and currently includes c.70 species (Skryabin et al, 1965;Sherwin & Schmidt, 1988;Zhang et al, 2003;Dewi & Zhang, 2010). Fifteen species are known from the New World, mostly from North America (see below).…”