Two mRNA species differing by 258 nucleotides at the 5′ end are formed from the barley chloroplast rbcL gene

Poulsen, Carsten Stig

doi:10.1007/bf02913968

Cited by 33 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…Processing has been implicated in developmental regulation of rbcL transcript levels in maize and barley, because the amount of -300 RNA relative to -63 RNA increases transiently during greening (49,50). In E. coli, processed mRNAs can be translated with different efficiencies and possess distinct turnover rates relative to their corresponding primary transcript (6,47).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Northern hybridization analyses of transcripts from a broad spectrum of angiosperms indicate that the rbcL gene is generally transcribed as a 1.6-kilobase mRNA, although larger transcripts are also observed (46). Si nuclease protection experiments have revealed the presence of two 5' termini for the rbcL RNAs of maize, barley, spinach, and peas (16,21,41,49,62.) Tobacco has a single rbcL RNA with its 5' end at position -180 relative to the coding region (53).…”

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confidence: 99%

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In vitro synthesis and processing of a maize chloroplast transcript encoded by the ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase large subunit gene.

Hanley‐Bowdoin¹,

Orozco²,

Chua³

1985

Mol. Cell. Biol.

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The large subunit gene (rbcL) of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase was transcribed in vitro by using maize and pea chloroplast extracts and a cloned plastid DNA template containing 172 base pairs (bp) of the maize rbcL protein-coding region and 791 bp of upstream sequences. Three major in vitro RNA species were synthesized which correspond to in vivo maize rbcL RNAs with 5' termini positioned 300, 100 to 105, and 63 nucleotides upstream of the protein-coding region. A deletion of 109 bp, including the "-300" 5' end (the 5' end at position -300), depressed all rbcL transcription in vitro. A plasmid DNA containing this 109-bp fragment was sufficient to direct correct transcription initiation in vitro. A cloned template, containing 191 bp of plastid DNA which includes the -105 and -63 rbcL termini, did not support transcription in vitro. Exogenously added -300 RNA could be converted to the -63 transcript by maize chloroplast extract. These results established that the -300 RNA is the primary maize rbcL transcript, the -63 RNA is a processed form of the -300 transcript, and synthesis of the -105 RNA is dependent on the -300 region. The promoter for the maize rbcL gene is located within the 109 bp flanking the -300 site. Mutagenesis of the 109-bp chloroplast sequence 11 bp upstream of the -300 transcription initiation site reduced rbcL promoter activity in vitro.Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RUBISCO) catalyzes CO2 fixation, the first step of the Calvin cycle (40). In higher plants, the chloroplast enzyme is composed of eight identical, catalytic polypeptides of 50,000 to 60,000 kilodaltons and eight smaller polypeptides of 12,000 to 20,000 kilodaltons (2). The small subunit, whose function is unknown, is encoded in the nucleus by a small multigene family (7,14,19). The large subunit gene (rbcL) is present as a single copy on the multicopy chloroplast genome (5). Under most conditions, the synthesis of the two RUBISCO subunits is coordinated (55) and regulated by light (15, 50) and cytokinins (23). In maize and other C4 plants, RUBISCO expression is leaf cell-type specific (30). The maize mRNAs encoding the two subunits are present in bundle sheath cells but not in mesophyll cells, which assimilate CO2 via ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate and C4 dicarboxylic acids, respectively (11,35).In chloroplast genomes of higher plants, the genes for the large subunit of RUBISCO and the beta subunit of ATP synthetase (atpB) are adjacent and transcribed divergently (31, 60). The 5' ends of the two genes are separated by approximately 150 base pairs (bp) (52). Northern hybridization analyses of transcripts from a broad spectrum of angiosperms indicate that the rbcL gene is generally transcribed as a 1.6-kilobase mRNA, although larger transcripts are also observed (46). Si nuclease protection experiments have revealed the presence of two 5' termini for the rbcL RNAs of maize, barley, spinach, and peas (16,21,41,49,62.) Tobacco has a single rbcL RNA with its 5' end at position -180 relative to the coding region (53). In maize ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro synthesis and processing of a maize chloroplast transcript encoded by the ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase large subunit gene.

Hanley‐Bowdoin¹,

Orozco²,

Chua³

1985

Mol. Cell. Biol.

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“…Transcripts of six regions comprising about 19% of the maize chloroplast chromosome increase in abundance during lightinduced maturation of etioplasts in dark-grown seedlings into photosynthetically competent chloroplasts (11). One of these regions carries the genes for RuBPCase LS2 as well as the fused DNA sequences coding for the ,8-E CF,.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Expression of the Ribulose Bisphosphate Carboxylase Large Subunit Gene in Bundle Sheath and Mesophyll Cells of Developing Maize Leaves Is Influenced by Light

Sheen¹,

Bogorad²

1985

Plant Physiol.

104

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We have investigated the influence of light on the mRNA of the gene for the large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase in mesophyll and bundle sheath cells of the C4 plant Zea mays. The gene is transcribed in both cell types in leaves of seedlings grown in the dark. However, upon illumination, the level of mRNA declines and becomes undetectable in mesophyll cells after 72 hours. On the contrary, in bundle sheath cells the two transcripts of the same gene increase to peak after 24 hours of greening and then decrease to a steady state level. This study was made possible by the development of improved methods for the isolation of two maize leaf cell types suitable for the extraction of high quality RNAs at different developmental states, i.e. etiolated, greening and green.Transcripts of six regions comprising about 19% of the maize chloroplast chromosome increase in abundance during lightinduced maturation of etioplasts in dark-grown seedlings into photosynthetically competent chloroplasts (11). One of these regions carries the genes for RuBPCase LS2 as well as the fused DNA sequences coding for the ,8-E CF,. The levels of transcripts of these CF, and RuBPCase genes accumulate to a maximum level after about 20 h of greening and then drop in abundance (4,(10)(11)(12). However, maize is a C4 plant thus photosynthetic carbon fixation is the result of the coordinated activities of MC and BSC. In mature green leaves of maize, the mRNA for the fl-E CF, is abundant in chloroplasts of both MC and BSC, but that for the large subunit of RuBPCase is present only in the latter I

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“…The localised genes are indicated. The rbcL gene was localised by heterologous hybridisation (9) and DNA sequencing (10,15), and the rRNA genes by homologous hybridisation (9). Seven tRNA genes have been located in the course of DNA sequencing (6,14).…”

Section: Subunit IV Of the Cytochrome Bjf Complex And Cytochrome Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genes for the ct, 13 and e subunits are located on chloroplast DNA (3,12). Genes for the 13 and e subunits from barley have been sequenced (10,14). The atpH probe hybridised to plasmids pHvC 174 and pHvC208, pHvC 174 comprises a 1.7 kbp HindllI fragment.…”

Section: Atp-synthase Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Location of the genes for cytochrome f, subunit IV of the b6/f complex, the α-subunit of CF1 ATP-synthase and subunit III of the CFα ATP-synthase on the barley chloroplast genome

Oliver

1984

Carlsberg Res. Commun.

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Two mRNA species differing by 258 nucleotides at the 5′ end are formed from the barley chloroplast rbcL gene

Cited by 33 publications

References 34 publications

In vitro synthesis and processing of a maize chloroplast transcript encoded by the ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase large subunit gene.

In vitro synthesis and processing of a maize chloroplast transcript encoded by the ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase large subunit gene.

Differential Expression of the Ribulose Bisphosphate Carboxylase Large Subunit Gene in Bundle Sheath and Mesophyll Cells of Developing Maize Leaves Is Influenced by Light

Location of the genes for cytochrome f, subunit IV of the b6/f complex, the α-subunit of CF1 ATP-synthase and subunit III of the CFα ATP-synthase on the barley chloroplast genome

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