Two high toughness and flame retardant DOPO-containing polybenzoxazines based on polyether-urea

Abstract

In this current work, two new-style DOPO-containing benzoxazines based on polyether-urea were successfully synthesized by a modified version via three-step procedures, and the corresponding polybenzoxazines with high toughness and flame retardancy were obtained by thermal activated polymerization. The single and double DOPO-containing benzoxazines were named as BzD1 and BzD2, respectively. The corresponding polymers followed were named as PBzD1 and PBzD2, respectively. The curing behaviors of the two new benzoxazines were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. The thermal and mechanical properties of the materials were evaluated by TGA and dynamic mechanical analysis. The flame retardant properties were elucidated via limiting oxygen index (LOI). The toughness properties were expressed by bending tests. The results showed that the Yc for PBzD1 and PBzD2 were approximately 22.2% and 24%, respectively, distinctively higher than the value 2.57% of pristine polybenzoxazine PBz1, at 800 °C in N2 atmosphere. The Tgs of PBzD1 and PBzD2 distinctly increased by 42.8 °C and 20 °C, respectively, in comparison to −35 °C for pristine PBz1. The LOI values of PBzD1 and PBzD2 were 28.5 and 31, respectively. The length and weight-loss of PBzD1 and PBzD2 samples were significantly less than that of PBz1 when they were burned in the air environmental condition. The burning behavior demonstrated that the flame retardant properties was obviously improved as DOPO was introduced. All of the three specimens of PBz1, PBzD1 and PBzD2 presented excellent flexible property.

Mechanical properties, thermal stability, and mechanism of main‐chain polybenzoxazine composites fabricated based on multi‐scale effects and surface functionalization of graphene oxide nanosheets

“…7 Various molecular designs have been proposed, such as incorporating large substituents 8 and functional groups. 9 However, traditional PBZ is still suffered from poor toughness, which was a critical bottleneck for many applications, especially in automotive, aerospace, and intelligent equipment fields. Therefore, developing toughen PBZ was essential for high-strength and impact-resistant applications.…”

“…Research on PBZ has focused on developing new benzoxazine monomers with aim to achieve comprehensive properties, including thermal stability, mechanical strength, and flame retardancy 7 . Various molecular designs have been proposed, such as incorporating large substituents 8 and functional groups 9 . However, traditional PBZ is still suffered from poor toughness, which was a critical bottleneck for many applications, especially in automotive, aerospace, and intelligent equipment fields.…”