Two-fold excess of fluoride in the drinking water has no obvious health effects other than dental fluorosis

Sezgin, Batın Ilgıt; Onur, Şirin Güner; Menteş, Ali; Okutan, Alev Eda; Haznedaroğlu, Eda; Vieira, Alexandre R.

doi:10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.07.004

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…precipitation model. Because the Chicago precipitation model is based on the rainstorm formula, it is easy to determine the precipitation intensity at different times under different return time periods and maximum aspect ratio, so as to obtain the precipitation process designed for different periods, and obtain the corresponding precipitation model effect, which is more reflective (Sezgin et al 2018 ). Typical characteristics of most precipitation PC rainfall design is based on long series and short data about precipitation history.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Analysis of coastal rainfall pattern based on artificial intelligence and global cultural communication

Liang

2021

Arab J Geosci

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Artificial intelligence has been applied in all aspects of cultural industry, and has affected the micro, meso, and macro level of cultural industry, accelerated the transformation of cultural industry, and changed the structural system of cultural development. Based on artificial intelligence technology, this paper studies 52 years of coastal rainfall and analyzes the characteristics of rainfall pattern by observing the latest meteorological observation data in southern China from 1969 to 2020. Based on the analysis of rain patterns in South China, it is found that only 8% of the annual precipitation in a southern region of China has a significant increasing trend. The monthly trend showed the most obvious downward and upward trend in April and November. Finally, by analyzing the results of artificial intelligence research, we can create a model of global cultural communication system based on artificial intelligence application. The logic model combines the elements of power, system, service and research framework knowledge, and puts forward the idea of system optimization based on artificial intelligence application to solve subsystem problems; For the service subsystem, artificial intelligence should be used to strengthen the supply and demand of services; For knowledge subsystem, artificial intelligence is needed to improve education and training skills, including knowledge service skills and knowledge management skills. The global cultural communication system must use artificial intelligence to improve the synergy of subsystems. Through the analysis of coastal rainfall pattern and the study of global cultural communication based on artificial intelligence, this paper applies it to cultural communication and promotes the development of global cultural communication.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Analysis of coastal rainfall pattern based on artificial intelligence and global cultural communication

Liang

2021

Arab J Geosci

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“…Its presence is bilateral and symmetrical on the enamel (3), depending on the period of dental development in which contact occurred (4). It appears with lines in the form of horizontal striations, without a defined pattern (5), ranging from an opaque white (6) to the total loss of the enamel (7). Clinical variations are related to histological changes, cataloged with the TF index (8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with dental fluorosis in three zones of Ecuador

Vega¹,

González-Martínez²,

Rivera-Martínez³

et al. 2019

J Clin Exp Dent

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Background: To determine the prevalence of dental fluorosis in 10-12 year-old school children, in three provinces of the inter-andean Region of Ecuador: Imbabura, Pichincha and Chimborazo, as well as the relationship between certain factors, considering that the latest studies go back to the year 2009. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional and observational study was proposed. A sample of 599 was calculated at 95% of confidence considering population projections for children between 10 and 12 old of three zones of Ecuador. However, 608 school children, who had the acceptance and informed consent of their parents to participate, completed a survey about factors associated with dental fluorosis. Once the survey was completed, the vestibular surfaces of the upper and lower anterior teeth of the infant were photographed, following standardized distance and light procedures. Three evaluators, trained in the detection of fluorosis using the Thylstrup and Fejerskov index, analyzed the photographs. The Stata 13.0 software was used for the statistical analysis, with a level of significance of 5% and with a confidence interval of 95%. To relate the risk factor of fluorosis, a multinomial logistic model was used. Results: The prevalence of dental fluorosis was of 89.96%, with a greater presence of grade 2 TF. A positive statistical relationship and statistical significance was detected between dental fluorosis and consumption of bottled beverages. Also the amount of toothpaste used and its ingestion during brushing (p = 0.000) were analyzed. Conclusions: The populations evaluated, that are related to the consumption of bottled beverages and involuntary toothpaste ingestion, and have a high prevalence of a mild level of fluorosis.

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“…However, health may be adversely affected if excessive amounts are ingested through drinking water. Exposure to fluoride concentrations more than the optimal level may result in fluorosis (Ayoob and Gupta, 2006;Güner et al, 2016;Sezgin et al, 2018).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When fluoride is ingested for a prolonged period, it accumulates mainly in calcifying tissues such as bone, cartilage, and dental tissues (Guissouma et al, 2007). Chronic ingestion of fluoride may result in dental fluorosis which is characterized by mottled teeth when the fluoride level in drinking water exceeds the optimal level (Sezgin et al, 2018;Buzalaf, 2018). Children are more susceptible to dental fluorosis during tooth development and drinking water with excess fluoride levels may result with different degrees of tooth mottling since pathological changes in dental fluorosis are time and dose-dependent (Buzalaf, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

İçme Suyunda Florür Düzeyleri ve Su Kalitesinin Diş Sağlığı Açısından Değerlendirilmesi: Ergene Nehir Havzası

Tokatlı

Güner

2020

Acta Aquatica Turcica

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This study was carried out to determine the fluoride levels in the drinking water of Ergene River Basin, which is known as the lifeblood of the Thrace Region and one of the most contaminated river basins in Turkey. Drinking water samples were collected from 30 stations including residential areas located in the Ergene River Basin in dry (summer) season of 2018. Fluoride levels of water samples were determined by using a spectrophotometer and Cluster Analysis (CA) was applied to detected fluoride data to classify the investigated residential areas according to fluoride contents. Geographic Information System (GIS) was also used to make a visual explanation by presenting a distribution map of fluoride accumulations and also the detected data were evaluated in terms of teeth health of local people, who constantly drinks this water. According to detected data, the fluoride accumulations in drinking water of Ergene River Basin were determined between 0.246 ppm (Velimeşe Village) -1.460 ppm (Bayramlı Village). According to the results of CA, 3 statistically significant clusters were formed as "High Fluoride Cluster", "Optimum Fluoride Cluster" and "Low Fluoride Cluster".

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Two-fold excess of fluoride in the drinking water has no obvious health effects other than dental fluorosis

Cited by 21 publications

References 18 publications

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Analysis of coastal rainfall pattern based on artificial intelligence and global cultural communication

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Analysis of coastal rainfall pattern based on artificial intelligence and global cultural communication

Factors associated with dental fluorosis in three zones of Ecuador

İçme Suyunda Florür Düzeyleri ve Su Kalitesinin Diş Sağlığı Açısından Değerlendirilmesi: Ergene Nehir Havzası

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