Two-dimensional titanium carbide (MXene)-based solid-state electrochemiluminescent sensor for label-free single-nucleotide mismatch discrimination in human urine

Fang, Yanfeng; Yang, Xuecheng; Chen, Tao; Xu, Gengfang; Liu, Mengli; Liu, Jingquan; Xu, Yuanhong

doi:10.1016/j.snb.2018.02.102

Cited by 112 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…[30][31][32] The MXenes have already showed their significant applicability in biosensors, [33] electromagnetic wave absorption, [34] supercapacitors, [35,36] Li-ion batteries, [37,38] electronic devices, [39,40] gas sensors, [41] etc., because of their high conductivity, [42] hydrophilic surface, [43] and flexibility. Their general formula is recorded as M n+1 X n T x , where "M" stands for the transition metal element, "X" is C or N or CN, while T x represents the terminal groups of -OH or -F, etc., and n could be 1, 2, or 3.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Their general formula is recorded as M n +1 X n T x , where “M” stands for the transition metal element, “X” is C or N or CN, while T x represents the terminal groups of ‐OH or ‐F, etc., and n could be 1, 2, or 3 . The MXenes have already showed their significant applicability in biosensors, electromagnetic wave absorption, supercapacitors, Li‐ion batteries, electronic devices, gas sensors, etc., because of their high conductivity, hydrophilic surface, and flexibility . Recent studies have revealed the great applicability of the Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene as electrocatalyst in NRR, but there still remains large space for improving both the NH 3 yield and the Faradaic efficiency (FE) .…”

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confidence: 99%

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High‐Performance Electrocatalytic Conversion of N₂ to NH₃ Using Oxygen‐Vacancy‐Rich TiO₂ In Situ Grown on Ti₃C₂T_x MXene

Fang

Liu

Han

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

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To achieve the energy‐effective ammonia (NH3) production via the ambient‐condition electrochemical N2 reduction reaction (NRR), it is vital to ingeniously design an efficient electrocatalyst assembling the features of abundant surface deficiency, good dispersibility, high conductivity, and large surface specific area (SSA) via a simple way. Inspired by the fact that the MXene contains thermodynamically metastable marginal transition metal atoms, the oxygen‐vacancy‐rich TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) in situ grown on the Ti3C2Tx nanosheets (TiO2/Ti3C2Tx) are prepared via a one‐step ethanol‐thermal treatment of the Ti3C2Tx MXene. The oxygen vacancies act as the main active sites for the NH3 synthesis. The highly conductive interior untreated Ti3C2Tx nanosheets could not only facilitate the electron transport but also avoid the self‐aggregation of the TiO2 NPs. Meanwhile, the TiO2 NPs generation could enhance the SSA of the Ti3C2Tx in return. Accordingly, the as‐prepared electrocatalyst exhibits an NH3 yield of 32.17 µg h−1 mg−1cat. at −0.55 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and a remarkable Faradaic efficiency of 16.07% at −0.45 V versus RHE in 0.1 m HCl, placing it as one of the most promising NRR electrocatalysts. Moreover, the density functional theory calculations confirm the lowest NRR energy barrier (0.40 eV) of TiO2 (101)/Ti3C2Tx compared with Ti3C2Tx or TiO2 (101) alone.

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

High‐Performance Electrocatalytic Conversion of N₂ to NH₃ Using Oxygen‐Vacancy‐Rich TiO₂ In Situ Grown on Ti₃C₂T_x MXene

Fang

Liu

Han

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

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367

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“…When the bio-conjugate was assembled on the electrode surface, the two conductive graphene sheets served to extend the effective working electrode area, meaning all of the electrochemiluminophores were within the distance required for direct oxidation to produce ECL, unlike a conventional bead type assay, where the electrochemiluminophores may be located far outside of the electrode double layer or TPrA radical diffusion distance ( Guo et al, 2016 ). Many nanomaterials also find applications with alternative co-reactants and luminophores ( Dong et al, 2007 ; Guo and Wang, 2007 ; Qi et al, 2009 ; Rusling, 2012 ; Fang et al, 2018 ; Zhang et al, 2019 ; Zhang et al, 2020 ), which are beyond the scope of this evaluation. Although commercially available SPEs composed of carbon and nanomaterials showed no increase in ECL intensity when compared to unmodified carbon electrodes in our CV experiments; nanomaterials do present opportunities for innovative exploitation and modification when compared to classic carbon, platinum or gold electrodes; such as the aforementioned example.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Commercially Available Screen-Printed Electrodes for Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence Applications

et al. 2021

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We examined a series of commercially available screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) for their suitability for electrochemical and electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) detection systems. Using cyclic voltammetry with both a homogeneous solution-based and a heterogeneous bead-based ECL assay format, the most intense ECL signals were observed from unmodified carbon-based SPEs. Three commercially available varieties were tested, with Zensor outperforming DropSens and Kanichi in terms of sensitivity. The incorporation of nanomaterials in the electrode did not significantly enhance the ECL intensity under the conditions used in this evaluation (such as gold nanoparticles 19%, carbon nanotubes 45%, carbon nanofibers 21%, graphene 48%, and ordered mesoporous carbon 21% compared to the ECL intensity of unmodified Zensor carbon electrode). Platinum and gold SPEs exhibited poor relative ECL intensities (16% and 10%) when compared to carbonaceous materials, due to their high rates of surface oxide formation and inefficient oxidation of tri-n-propylamine (TPrA). However, the ECL signal at platinum electrodes can be increased ∼3-fold with the addition of a surfactant, which enhanced TPrA oxidation due to increasing the hydrophobicity of the electrode surface. Our results also demonstrate that each SPE should only be used once, as we observed a significant change in ECL intensity over repeated CV scans and SPEs cannot be mechanically polished to refresh the electrode surface.

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“…Recently, many researchers have developed electrochemical devices that can noninvasively detect target biomolecules in the electrolytes and metabolites found within human body fluids [11]. Body fluids such as saliva, urine, blood, tears, and perspiration are monitored to ascertain valuable information about an individual's health status [12][13][14][15]. Among these fluids, perspiration samplebased electrochemical sensors have shown promise owing to the ease of collection of the biofluid, and the simplicity of the operation [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A rime ice-inspired bismuth-based flexible sensor for zinc ion detection in human perspiration

et al. 2021

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A nature-inspired special structure of bismuth is newly presented as Zn ion sensing layer for high-performance electrochemical heavy metal detection sensor applications. The rime ice-like bismuth (RIBi) has been synthesized using an easy ex situ electrodeposition method on the surface of a flexible graphene-based electrode. The flexible graphene-based electrode was fabricated via simple laser-writing and substrate-transfer techniques. The Zn ion sensing performance of the proposed heavy metal sensor was evaluated by square wave anodic stripping voltammetry after investigating the effects of several parameters, such as preconcentration potential, preconcentration time, and pH of acetate buffer. The proposed RIBi-based heavy metal sensor demonstrated a good linear relationship between concentration and current in the range 100-1600 ppb Zn ions with an acceptable sensitivity of 106 nA/ppb•cm 2. The result met the requirements in terms of common human perspiration levels (the average Zn ion concentration in perspiration is 800 ppb). In addition, the heavy metal sensor response to Zn ions was successfully performed in human perspiration samples as well, and the results were consistent with those measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Besides, the fabricated Zn ion sensor exhibited excellent selectivity, repeatability, and flexibility. Finally, a PANI-LIG-based pH sensor (measurement range: pH 4-7) was also integrated with the Zn ion sensor to form a single chip hybrid sensor. These results may provide a great possibility for the use of the proposed flexible sensor to realize wearable perspiration-based healthcare systems.

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Two-dimensional titanium carbide (MXene)-based solid-state electrochemiluminescent sensor for label-free single-nucleotide mismatch discrimination in human urine

Cited by 112 publications

References 55 publications

High‐Performance Electrocatalytic Conversion of N₂ to NH₃ Using Oxygen‐Vacancy‐Rich TiO₂ In Situ Grown on Ti₃C₂T_x MXene

High‐Performance Electrocatalytic Conversion of N₂ to NH₃ Using Oxygen‐Vacancy‐Rich TiO₂ In Situ Grown on Ti₃C₂T_x MXene

A Comparison of Commercially Available Screen-Printed Electrodes for Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence Applications

A rime ice-inspired bismuth-based flexible sensor for zinc ion detection in human perspiration

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Two-dimensional titanium carbide (MXene)-based solid-state electrochemiluminescent sensor for label-free single-nucleotide mismatch discrimination in human urine

Cited by 112 publications

References 55 publications

High‐Performance Electrocatalytic Conversion of N2 to NH3 Using Oxygen‐Vacancy‐Rich TiO2 In Situ Grown on Ti3C2Tx MXene

High‐Performance Electrocatalytic Conversion of N2 to NH3 Using Oxygen‐Vacancy‐Rich TiO2 In Situ Grown on Ti3C2Tx MXene

A Comparison of Commercially Available Screen-Printed Electrodes for Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence Applications

A rime ice-inspired bismuth-based flexible sensor for zinc ion detection in human perspiration

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High‐Performance Electrocatalytic Conversion of N₂ to NH₃ Using Oxygen‐Vacancy‐Rich TiO₂ In Situ Grown on Ti₃C₂T_x MXene

High‐Performance Electrocatalytic Conversion of N₂ to NH₃ Using Oxygen‐Vacancy‐Rich TiO₂ In Situ Grown on Ti₃C₂T_x MXene