Two‐Dimensional Porous Carbon: Synthesis and Ion‐Transport Properties

Abstract

Their chemical stability, high specific surface area, and electric conductivity enable porous carbon materials to be the most commonly used electrode materials for electrochemical capacitors (also known as supercapacitors). To further increase the energy and power density, engineering of the pore structures with a higher electrochemical accessible surface area, faster ion-transport path and a more-robust interface with the electrolyte is widely investigated. Compared with traditional porous carbons, two-dimensional (2D) porous carbon sheets with an interlinked hierarchical porous structure are a good candidate for supercapacitors due to their advantages in high aspect ratio for electrode packing and electron transport, hierarchical pore structures for ion transport, and short ion-transport length. Recent progress on the synthesis of 2D porous carbons is reported here, along with the improved electrochemical behavior due to enhanced ion transport. Challenges for the controlled preparation of 2D porous carbons with desired properties are also discussed; these require precise tuning of the hierarchical structure and a clarification of the formation mechanisms.

Unusual interconnected graphitized carbon nanosheets as the electrode of high-rate ionic liquid-based supercapacitor

“…A C C E P T E D ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 4 Regarding to the advanced supercapacitor electrode materials, two-dimensional (2D) carbonaceous material with abundant sp 2 hybridization and/or heteroatom doping is very promising because of its short ionic transport pathways and rich interface active sites compared with that of the activated carbon particles [4,19,20]. For example, as typical 2D carbonaceous materials, graphenes and MXenes have been intensively developed as supercapacitor electrodes with excellent capacitive performances.…”

Construction of nitrogen-doped porous carbon buildings using interconnected ultra-small carbon nanosheets for ultra-high rate supercapacitors

“…Microporous network is beneficial for the enhancement of energy storage, but the long diffusion paths severely limit the ion-transport kinetics, resulting in poor rate performance for supercapacitors. [15][16][17][18][19] To enhance ion-transport kinetics of microporous carbon, the fabrication of ultra-small particles (<200 nm) is another choice. 16,20 However, superabundant interfaces between nanoparticles are going against the formation and maintenance of conductive network of electrode materials during charge and discharge process.…”

Progress of Nanostructured Electrode Materials for Supercapacitors

“…Moreover, the synthesis of graphene is relatively a costly and complicated process, which restricts the large-scale applications in the practical industrial. [94] Interestingly, the 2D carbon nanosheets with a graphene-like structure have more active sites and effective surface than the 0D and 1D carbon materials. [95,96] Meanwhile, the 2D carbon sheets show superior properties than graphene, for example, less weight, high surface area, and simple preparation, which have been widely researched and used for the supercapacitors.…”