Two-dimensional photonic crystal coupled-defect laser diode

Abstract

We demonstrate a two-dimensional photonic crystal defect laser diode based on a coupled cavity waveguide. The laser cavity is formed by 40 coupled hexagonal defect microcavities in a triangular lattice of air cylinders, which are etched into an InGaAsP/InP laser structure. The coupling of the individual cavity modes creates minibands within the photonic band gap. Stable single-mode lasing occurs on the first miniband mode with the lowest group velocity with side mode suppression greater than 40 dB. The lasers emit up to 2.6 mW at a 1.53 μm wavelength under continuous-wave operation at room temperature.

Slow-light-enhanced gain in active photonic crystal waveguides

“…Spontaneous emission enhancement was observed in PhC wires 19 and dielectric multilayers with oxygen vacancies as light emitters 20 , and may be used to increase the spontaneous emission factor of a waveguide 9 . Early measurements on lasers employing PhC waveguides 21,22 and coupled resonator structures 23 show that the lasing characteristics are improved using slow-light effects. However, as both the cavity quality factor and the spatial gain coefficient may be affected by slow-light propagation, laser measurements cannot easily distinguish between the two effects.…”

Dual-Periodic Photonic Crystal Structures

“…iii. Based on the Coupled Resonator Optical Waveguide idea (CROW) (Stefanou & Modinos, 1998;Poon et al, 2006;Scheuer et al, 2005), a low-dispersion photonic band can be purposefully created via hybridization of high-Q resonances arising from periodically positioned structural defects (Bayindir et al, 2001a;Altug & Vuckovic, 2005;Olivier et al, 2001;Karle et al, 2002;Happ et al, 2003;Yanik & Fan, 2004). This spectrally isolated defect-band is formed inside the photonic bandgap, with a dispersion relation given by…”

Coupled-cavity two-dimensional photonic crystal waveguide ring laser

“…13 The compatible symmetry between the waveguide and the cavity mode has been found to be very important for the transmission of light through coupled-cavity structures. 6,17,18 The H-field distribution of the double-degenerated H1 mode presents a symmetry which benefits the coupling between the waveguide modes and the resonant cavity mode at the 60°b end. 6 Due to this, the doubly degenerate dipole of the H1 cavity can couple to the even mode of the waveguide.…”