Two‐dimensional modelling of large wood transport during flash floods

Ruíz-Villanueva, Virginia; Castellet, Ernest Bladé i; Díez‐Herrero, Andrés; Pozo, José María Bodoque del; Sánchez‐Juny, Martí

doi:10.1002/esp.3456

Cited by 95 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…Indeed, Braudrick and Grant (2000) described the physics of individual pieces of wood floating in a water-flow. Ruiz- Villanueva et al, 2014bVillanueva et al, , 2016aVillanueva et al, , 2016b. Mazzorana et al, 2011;Ruiz-Villanueva et al, 2014a;Persi et al, 2018).…”

Section: Relevant Metrics and First Attempt To Quantify And Model Wlfsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of wood‐laden flows in rivers

Ruíz-Villanueva

Mazzorana

Castellet

et al. 2019

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Inorganic sediment is not the only solid‐fraction component of river flows; flows may also carry significant amounts of large organic material (i.e. large wood), but the characteristics of these wood‐laden flows (WLFs) are not well understood yet. With the aim to shed light on these relatively unexamined phenomena, we collected home videos showing natural flows with wood as the main solid component. Analyses of these videos as well as the watersheds and streams where the videos were recorded allowed us to define for the first time WLFs, describe the main characteristics of these flows and broaden the definition of wood transport regimes (adding a new regime called here hypercongested wood transport). According to our results, WLFs may occur repeatedly, in a large range of catchment sizes, generally in steep, highly confined single thread channels in mountain areas. WLFs are typically highly unsteady and the log motion is non‐uniform, as described for other inorganic sediment‐laden flows (e.g. debris flows). The conceptual integration of wood into our understanding of flow phenomena is illustrated by a novel classification defining the transition from clear water to hypercongested, wood and sediment‐laden flows, according to the composition of the mixture (sediment, wood, and water). We define the relevant metrics for the quantification and modelling of WLFs, including an exhaustive discussion of different modelling approaches (i.e. Voellmy, Bingham and Manning) and provide a first attempt to simulate WLFs. We draw attention to WLF phenomena to encourage further field, theoretical, and experimental investigations that may contribute to a better understanding of flows in river basins, leading to more accurate predictions, and better hazard mitigation and management strategies. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Relevant Metrics and First Attempt To Quantify And Model Wlfsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of wood‐laden flows in rivers

Ruíz-Villanueva

Mazzorana

Castellet

et al. 2019

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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“…Indeed, modelling the dynamics of large wood in rivers during floods spurred a great deal of research in recent years (Benda et al, 2003;Mazzorana et al, 2009Mazzorana et al, , 2011Rigon et al, 2012;Ruiz-Villanueva et al, 2013b, 2014a. However, few studies have actually documented the effect of highmagnitude flash floods on LW dynamics collecting data on recruitment, transport and deposition rates, all information required in order to validate or develop new models on LW transport (Hassan et al, 2005).…”

Section: A Lucía Et Al: Dynamics Of Large Wood During a Flash Floodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of large wood during a flash flood in two mountain catchments

Lucía¹,

Comiti

Borga

et al. 2015

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Understanding and modelling the dynamics of large wood (LW) in rivers during flood events has spurred a great deal of research in recent years. However, few studies have documented the effect of high-magnitude flash floods on LW recruitment, transport and deposition. On 25 October 2011, the Magra river basin (north-western Italy) was hit by an intense rainstorm, with hourly rainfall rates up to 130 mm h −1 and event rain accumulations up to 540 mm in 8 h. Such large rainfall intensities originated flash floods in the main river channels and in several tributaries, causing severe damages and loss of lives. Numerous bridges were partly or fully clogged by LW jams. A post-flood survey was carried out along the channels of two catchments that were severely and similarly affected by this event, the Gravegnola (34.3 km 2 ) and Pogliaschina (25.1 km 2 ). The analysis highlighted a very relevant channel widening in many channel reaches, which was more marked in the Gravegnola basin due to highly erodible material forming the slopes adjacent to the fluvial corridor. Large wood recruitment rates were very high, up to 1270 m 3 km −1 , and most of it (70-80 %) was eroded from the floodplains as a consequence of channelwidening processes, while the rest came from hillslopes processes. Overall, drainage area and channel slope are the most relevant controlling variables in explaining the reach-scale variability of LW recruitment, whereas LW deposition appears to be more complex, as correlation analysis did not evidence any statistically significant relationship with the tested controlling variables. Indeed, in-channel LW displacement during the flood has been mostly limited by the presence of bridges, given the relatively large width attained by channels after the event.

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“…Initially, this recognition developed from field observations, but over the last two decades vegetation has increasingly been incorporated into numerical models (Camporeale et al, 2013, Ruiz Villanueva et al, 2014 and some physical modelling has also started to investigate how wood and plants interact with fluvial processes. However, in previous physical modelling studies the influence of large wood and riparian vegetation have been studied separately, whereas in this paper, we focus on physical modelling incorporating both living vegetation and wood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical modelling of the combined effect of vegetation and wood on river morphology

et al. 2015

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The research reported in this paper employs flume experiments to investigate the potential effects of living vegetation and large wood on river morphology, specifically aiming to explore how different wood input and vegetation scenarios impact channel patterns and dynamics.We used a mobile bed laboratory flume, divided into three parallel channels (1.7 m wide, 10 m long) filled with uniform sand to reproduce braided networks subject to a series of cycles of flooding, wood input, and vegetation growth. Temporal evolution of river configuration (in terms of the braiding index), vegetation establishment and erosion, and wood deposition amount and pattern was recorded in a series of vertical images. The experiments reproduced many forms and processes that have been observed in the field, from scattered logs in unvegetated, dynamic braided channels, to large wood jams associated with river bars and bends in vegetated, stable, single thread rivers. Results showed that the inclusion of vegetation in the experiments changes wood dynamics, in terms of both the quantity that is stored and the depositional patterns that develop. Vegetated banks increased channel stability, reducing lateral erosion and the number of active channels. This promoted the formation of stable wood jams, where logs accumulated continuously at the same locations during subsequent floods, reinforcing their effect on river morphology. The feasibility of studying these processes in a controlled environment opens new possibilities for disentangling the complex linkages in the biogeomorphological evolution of the fluvial system and thus for promoting improved scientific understanding.

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Two‐dimensional modelling of large wood transport during flash floods

Cited by 95 publications

References 57 publications

Characterization of wood‐laden flows in rivers

Characterization of wood‐laden flows in rivers

Dynamics of large wood during a flash flood in two mountain catchments

Physical modelling of the combined effect of vegetation and wood on river morphology

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