Two-dimensional echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction in children.

Mercier, J; DiSessa, Thomas G.; Jarmakani, Jay M.; Nakanishi, Toshio; Hiraishi, Satoshi; Isabel-Jones, Josephine; Friedman, William F.

doi:10.1161/01.cir.65.5.962

Cited by 122 publications

(50 citation statements)

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“…In a first step we use truncated ellipsoids to define a simplified geometry of the epicardium and endocardium, with fibre orientations featuring an elevation angle varying linearly from +90°t o À90°across the wall. We point out that this is consistent with experimental data as provided by diffusion tensor imaging and dissection analysis [17,36]. Then, this simplified geometry is modified by an adjustment procedure to closely fit the segmented geometry of a heart acquired using MRI, see [48] for details on this procedure.…”

Section: Geometrical Modelsupporting

confidence: 71%

Modeling and estimation of the cardiac electromechanical activity

Sainte-Marie

Chapelle

Cimrman

et al. 2006

Computers & Structures

144

125

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We describe an approach that we propose to model the electromechanical behavior of the heart, and to use the model in a data assimilation procedure in order to perform an identification of the parameters and state. The modeling of the heart tissue is based on an electrically activated contraction law formulated via multiscale considerations and is consistent with various physiological and thermomechanical key requirements. The global heart system also incorporates a simplified lumped modeling of the blood compartments. We report on numerical simulations and on validations of our model in reference and pathological conditions. Furthermore, the data assimilation procedure is intended to give access to quantities of interest for diagnosis purposes, and we present some promising results in this direction.

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Section: Geometrical Modelsupporting

confidence: 71%

Modeling and estimation of the cardiac electromechanical activity

Sainte-Marie

Chapelle

Cimrman

et al. 2006

Computers & Structures

144

125

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…13,,4 Volume was calculated from: Volume = 5/6 area x length [13][14][15][16] This formula assumes the ventricular configuration to be a hemispheric cylinder. This measurement correlates with a more sophisticated algorithm calculation (Simpson's Rule) used to measure two-dimensional left ventricular volumes and also with angiographically determined left ventricular volumes in various clinical situations including left ventricular overload.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haemodynamic effects of atropine during halothane or isoflurane anaesthesia in infants and small children

et al. 1989

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In this study, two-dimensional and pulsed Doppler echocardiography were used to measure cardiovascular changes before and after IV atropine in 31 infants and small children during halothane (n = 15) In children (mean age 6 yrs) IV atropine administered during halothane and nitrous oxide anaesthesia increased cardiac output (CO). t In previous studies of infants who received PO or IM atropine premedieation, heart rate (HR) and mean blood pressure (MBP) have been reported to be greater than during halothane and nitrous oxide anaesthesia alone. 2,3 This suggests that atropine may attenuate the cardiovascular depression produced by halothane and nitrous oxide anaesthesia.2,3 Whether these haemodynamic changes following atropine are solely the result of an increase in HR or are the result of changes in other myocardial determinants, as well as increases in HR, is unclear.t'3Halothane and isoflurane produce dose-related direct myocardial depression that appears to be more profound in the young compared with the adult animal .4,5 In an in vitro study using feline papillary muscle, the degree of myocardial depression produced by halothane and isoflurane appear similar, if compared at equianaesthetic levels. 6 In a previous clinical study of infants and small children that compared equianaesthetic concentrations of halothane and isoflurane, the haemodynamie differences between halothane and isoflurane in infants and children were mainly the result of differing effects on HR, as decreases in ejection fraction (EF), stroke volume index (SVI) and cardiac index (CI) were of similar CAN J ANAESTH 1989 / 36'. 3 / pp295-300

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“…LV end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume, and ejection fraction (LVEF) were calculated using 3 parasternal short-axis views and the parasternal long-axis view. 13,15 …”

Section: Serial Echocardiographic Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Limits Left Ventricular Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction in Mice

et al. 2001

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Background-To investigate the role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) in left ventricular (LV) remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI), the impact of left anterior descending coronary artery ligation on LV size and function was compared in 2-to 4-month-old wild-type (WT) and NOS3-deficient mice (NOS3 -/-). Methods and Results-Two days after MI, both strains of mice had a similar LV size, fractional shortening, and ejection fraction by echocardiography. Twenty-eight days after MI, both strains had dilated LVs with decreased fractional shortening and lower ejection fractions. Although the infarcted fraction of the LV was similar in both strains, LV end-diastolic internal diameter, end-diastolic volume, and mass were greater, but fractional shortening, ejection fraction, and the maximum rate of developed LV pressure (dP/dt max ) were lower in NOS3 -/-than in WT mice. Impairment of diastolic function, as measured by the time constant of isovolumic relaxation () and the maximum rate of LV pressure decay (dP/dt min ), was more marked in NOS3 -/-than in WT mice. Mortality after MI was greater in NOS3 -/-than in WT mice. Long-term administration of hydralazine normalized blood pressure in NOS3 -/-mice, but it did not prevent the LV dilatation, impaired systolic and diastolic function, and increased LV mass that followed MI. In WT mice, capillary density and myocyte width in the nonischemic portion of the LV did not differ before and 28 days after MI, whereas in NOS3 -/-mice, capillary density decreased and myocyte width increased after MI, whether or not hydralazine was administered. Conclusions-These results suggest that the presence of NOS3 limits LV dysfunction and remodeling in a murine model of MI by an afterload-independent mechanism, in part by decreasing myocyte hypertrophy in the remote myocardium.

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Two-dimensional echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction in children.

Cited by 122 publications

References 0 publications

Modeling and estimation of the cardiac electromechanical activity

Modeling and estimation of the cardiac electromechanical activity

Haemodynamic effects of atropine during halothane or isoflurane anaesthesia in infants and small children

Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Limits Left Ventricular Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction in Mice

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