Two-channel model for nonequilibrium thermal transport in pump-probe experiments

Wilson, R. B.; Feser, Joseph P.; Hohensee, Gregory T.; Cahill, David G.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.88.144305

Cited by 94 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The large differences in the magnitude of G A for Si, Si 0.99 Ge 0.01 , Si 0.2 Ge 0.8 and Ge are consistent with our hypothesis that a G NE À 1 is related to observations of Fourier theory failure in the throughplane direction 3 …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Here, the difference in thermally occupied states depends on the differences in temperature of the solid where and when the low-wavevector phonons travelling in the positive and negative directions last scattered. Because the most important timescale in our experiment, 1/f, is much longer than phonon lifetimes, we can neglect any temporal lag when relating Dn to T. Then, for a one-dimensional problem 3 ,…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The new ballistic/diffusive framework we describe here is based on the derivation presented in Aschroft and Mermin for L of a Drude metal 36 , and builds on our prior work in ref. 3. Our ballistic/diffusive model draws on concepts outlined in two-fluid models for phonon transport described by Armstrong 37 and more recently by Maznev et al 12 High-wavevector phonons (q4q 0 ), which contain the vast majority of the solid's heat capacity (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, no single length scale describes the transition from diffusive to ballistic thermal transport. Instead, as length scales in a thermal transport problem decrease, Fourier theory has diminishing predictive power [3][4][5][6][7] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The breakdown of Fourier theory at small length scales has implications for nanoelectronics 8 and nanostructured thermoelectric devices 9 and has received a great deal of recent attention [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][10][11][12][13][14] . For example, deviations between Fourier theory predictions and experimental data have been reported to depend on (1) the width of the nickel heater lines in nanofabricated Ni/sapphire samples 7 , (2) the diameter of the heating pump laser beam, 2w 0 , in time-domain thermoreflectance (TDTR) measurements of bulk Si between 30 and 100 K (ref.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anisotropic failure of Fourier theory in time-domain thermoreflectance experiments

2014

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The applicability of Fourier's law to heat transfer problems relies on the assumption that heat carriers have mean free paths smaller than important length scales of the temperature profile. This assumption is not generally valid in nanoscale thermal transport problems where spacing between boundaries is small (o1 mm), and temperature gradients vary rapidly in space. Here we study the limits to Fourier theory for analysing three-dimensional heat transfer problems in systems with an interface. We characterize the relationship between the failure of Fourier theory, phonon mean free paths, important length scales of the temperature profile and interfacial-phonon scattering by time-domain thermoreflectance experiments on Si, Si 0.99 Ge 0.01 , boron-doped Si and MgO crystals. The failure of Fourier theory causes anisotropic thermal transport. In situations where Fourier theory fails, a simple radiative boundary condition on the heat diffusion equation cannot adequately describe interfacial thermal transport.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anisotropic failure of Fourier theory in time-domain thermoreflectance experiments

2014

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Probing Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides MX₂ (M = Mo, W and X = S, Se) using Time‐Domain Thermoreflectance

et al. 2017

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Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are a group of layered 2D semiconductors that have shown many intriguing electrical and optical properties. However, the thermal transport properties in TMDs are not well understood due to the challenges in characterizing anisotropic thermal conductivity. Here, a variable-spot-size time-domain thermoreflectance approach is developed to simultaneously measure both the in-plane and the through-plane thermal conductivity of four kinds of layered TMDs (MoS , WS , MoSe , and WSe ) over a wide temperature range, 80-300 K. Interestingly, it is found that both the through-plane thermal conductivity and the Al/TMD interface conductance depend on the modulation frequency of the pump beam for all these four compounds. The frequency-dependent thermal properties are attributed to the nonequilibrium thermal resistance between the different groups of phonons in the substrate. A two-channel thermal model is used to analyze the nonequilibrium phonon transport and to derive the intrinsic thermal conductivity at the thermal equilibrium limit. The measurements of the thermal conductivities of bulk TMDs serve as an important benchmark for understanding the thermal conductivity of single- and few-layer TMDs.

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Thermal Boundary Resistance: A Review of Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Other Computational Methods

Stanley

2023

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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Continued miniaturization of microelectronics has led to increased energy and interface density within those electronics. With each new interface, a new thermal resistor is created, preventing heat from efficiently escaping the device. This is such a problem that Kapitza resistance or thermal boundary resistance is now the dominant cause of thermal resistance in most microelectronics. Thermal boundary resistance has been studied extensively. However, thermal boundary resistance remains poorly understood. In this review, the existing literature is critically looked at, focusing on molecular dynamic simulations of the Si/Ge interface, which has become the de facto standard against which most other methods and systems are compared. As such, the volume of literature available on this system is considerably larger than any other, and the depth of analysis that can be performed is far greater. A research strategy for the field is presented to maximize progress in controlling Kapitza resistance. It is proposed that benchmark systems need to be found so that calculations can be properly verified, and that the size effects on Kapitza resistance need to be fully characterized. Finally, strong evidence is presented that first‐principles calculations offer the best chances for meaningful future progress, preferably with anharmonic contributions intact.

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Two-channel model for nonequilibrium thermal transport in pump-probe experiments

Cited by 94 publications

References 32 publications

Anisotropic failure of Fourier theory in time-domain thermoreflectance experiments

Anisotropic failure of Fourier theory in time-domain thermoreflectance experiments

Probing Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides MX₂ (M = Mo, W and X = S, Se) using Time‐Domain Thermoreflectance

Thermal Boundary Resistance: A Review of Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Other Computational Methods

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Two-channel model for nonequilibrium thermal transport in pump-probe experiments

Cited by 94 publications

References 32 publications

Anisotropic failure of Fourier theory in time-domain thermoreflectance experiments

Anisotropic failure of Fourier theory in time-domain thermoreflectance experiments

Probing Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides MX2 (M = Mo, W and X = S, Se) using Time‐Domain Thermoreflectance

Thermal Boundary Resistance: A Review of Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Other Computational Methods

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Probing Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides MX₂ (M = Mo, W and X = S, Se) using Time‐Domain Thermoreflectance