Two centuries of distribution data: detection of areas of endemism for the Brazilian angiosperms

Gomes‐da‐Silva, Janaína; Forzza, Rafaela Campostrini

doi:10.1111/cla.12445

Cited by 16 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 101 publications

(219 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…4). Indeed, these provinces are extremely relevant in terms of biodiversity, with high species diversity and levels of endemism representing areas of endemism in Brazil (Gomes‐da‐Silva and Forzza, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Brazilian flora comprises approximately 46 975 native species of plants, algae, and fungi, with 32 696 species of angiosperms, 1380 species of ferns, 1584 species of bryophytes, and 23 species of gymnosperms (The Brazil Flora Group (BFG), 2021). According to Gomes‐da‐Silva and Forzza (2020), Brazil has 132 areas of endemism, 18 for basal angiosperms, 44 for monocots, and 70 for eudicots, representing 173 families of flowering plants distributed in the country. Species diversity in Brazil is strongly associated with tropical rainforests, although an important part of the Brazilian biodiversity is restricted to the top of mountain ranges (Bitencourt and Rapini, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Areas of endemism of Lauraceae: new insights on the biogeographic regionalization of the Espinhaço Range, Brazil

Assunção-Silva

Assis

2021

Cladistics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Using Lauraceae as a study case, we aimed in this article to: (i) delimit areas of endemism in the Espinhaço Range, Brazil; (ii) compare these areas of endemism with those previously delimited, as well as with the centres of endemism; (iii) evaluate the association between areas of endemism and vegetation types; and (iv) classify the areas of endemism according to the International Code of Area Nomenclature (ICAN). Based on a recent survey of 99 species from the Espinhaço Range, our dataset consisted of 34 endemic species belonging to nine genera. Following previous studies, we performed parsimony analysis of endemicity (PAE) using a grid square size of 0.5° × 0.5°. We delimited four areas of endemism of Lauraceae: (i) Antônio dos Santos, (ii) Conceição do Mato Dentro, (iii) Itambé do Mato Dentro, and (iv) Rio de Contas; and confirmed six previously delimited areas of endemism: (i) Southern MG, (ii) Southern Mountains Complex, (iii) Conceição do Mato Dentro, (iv) Diamantina Plateau, (v) Serra do Cabral, and (vi) Chapada Diamantina. The areas of endemism Conceição do Mato Dentro, Serra do Cabral, Diamantina, and Serra do Cipó were classified as subdistricts in the Diamantina Plateau district of the Southern Espinhaço province. We summarized and mapped all areas of endemism corresponding to the provinces, districts, and subdistricts that cover the Espinhaço Range. Areas of endemism and centres of endemism are contrasted. Finally, we highlight that the biogeographic studies along this mountain range should embrace higher taxa with representative species in different types of vegetation in order to enrich the majority of the endemism studies mainly concentrated on the campo rupestre. Unusual distribution patterns, diversity of vegetation types, and the presence of restricted species and monophyletic groups open up opportunities to carry out integrative studies concerning the biogeographic regionalization of the ER at multiple spatio‐temporal scales.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Areas of endemism of Lauraceae: new insights on the biogeographic regionalization of the Espinhaço Range, Brazil

Assunção-Silva

Assis

2021

Cladistics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, knowledge of diversity in Brazil is highly uneven, the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being much more densely sampled than the Amazon, Caatinga, Pantanal, and Pampa (Antonelli & al., 2018; Stropp & al., 2020). For instance, recent studies have shown that about 50% of the Amazon is undersampled (see Costa & al., 2020; Stropp & al., 2020; Gomes‐da‐Silva & Forzza, 2021). The Amazon flora is also underrepresented in herbaria (Paton & al., 2020), highlighting the great need for improved collection efforts in this phytogeographic domain.…”

Section: Brazilian Flora 2020: An Updated Account Of Algae Fungi and ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To address this issue, we should focus collection efforts on taxa with low sampling efforts or in undersampled areas (Antonelli & al., 2018; Paton & al., 2020; Stropp & al., 2020). For example, Amazonia remains the most undersampled region in the country (see Costa & al., 2020; Ritter & al., 2020; Stropp & al., 2020; Gomes‐da‐Silva & Forzza, 2021). Also undersampled are Brazil's mesophotic ecosystems (deep‐water habitats), which are home to the most extensive beds of rhodoliths in the world.…”

Section: Gaps and Future Goals Beyond 2020mentioning

confidence: 99%

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

Gomes‐da‐Silva¹,

Filardi²,

Barbosa³

et al. 2021

TAXON

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora.

show abstract

“…The Brazilian Cerrado is a global biodiversity hotspot, hosting thousands of endemic and endangered species (Strassburg et al 2017;Gomes-da-Silva & Forzza 2020;Myers et al 2000). According to the Brazilian Flora 2020 project (Flora do Brasil 2020), at least 12 433 angiosperm species occur in the Cerrado domain, of which 5036 are restricted to the area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Paepalanthoideae (Eriocaulaceae) of the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park, Brazil: taxonomic novelties, identification key, and illustrated list of species

Trovó

Echternacht

2022

EJT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park is a conservation unit established to preserve the highest savannahs of Central Brazil and their unique biodiversity. Eriocaulaceae are a relevant and conspicuous family in such high savannahs, but its diversity is poorly known, documented solely in general lists or in isolated efforts aimed at small groups. After a structured series of field expeditions and analysis of specimens from the relevant herbaria, we provide nomenclatural novelties, a first identification key, and an illustrated checklist for the species of Paepalanthoideae (Eriocaulaceae) in the area. We recorded 42 species of Paepalanthoideae from the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park: Actinocephalus (Körn.) Sano (2 spp.), Comanthera L.B.Sm. (1 sp.), Paepalanthus Mart. (24 spp.), and Syngonanthus Ruhland (15 spp.). Actinocephalus brevifolius Trovó & Echtern. sp. nov. and P. irwinii Trovó & Echtern. sp. nov. are newly described species and P. politus Trovó stat. et nom. nov. is a variety of P. elongatus (Bong.) Körn. raised to the species status with a new name. The generic and specific composition shows predominance of Paepalanthus and Syngonanthus, and with a low representation of Actinocephalus and Comanthera, as expected, outside of the Espinhaço Range. More than 50% of the species (22 spp.) are endemic to the area and 25 species are endemic to Central Brazil, the area being the main center of diversity for dimerous-flowered groups. The non-endemic diversity is a combination of widespread species and marginal distribution of species typical from the Amazon and southeastern savannahs. The species are unevenly distributed in the area, with their occurrence correlated to altitude, water availability, and lithology. We reinforce that the savannahs from Central Brazil are a secondary center of diversity for Eriocaulaceae, playing a central role in the conservation of an unique and irreplaceable piece of its diversity and the Cerrado biome as well.

show abstract

Two centuries of distribution data: detection of areas of endemism for the Brazilian angiosperms

Cited by 16 publications

References 101 publications

Areas of endemism of Lauraceae: new insights on the biogeographic regionalization of the Espinhaço Range, Brazil

Areas of endemism of Lauraceae: new insights on the biogeographic regionalization of the Espinhaço Range, Brazil

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

The Paepalanthoideae (Eriocaulaceae) of the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park, Brazil: taxonomic novelties, identification key, and illustrated list of species

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About