Twenty Years of Transgenic Plants Resistant toCucumber mosaic virus

Abstract

Plant genetic engineering has promised researchers improved speed and flexibility with regard to the introduction of new traits into cultivated crops. A variety of approaches have been applied to produce virus-resistant transgenic plants, some of which have proven to be remarkably successful. Studies on transgenic resistance to Cucumber mosaic virus probably have been the most intense of any plant virus. Several effective strategies based on pathogen-derived resistance have been identified; namely, resistance mediated by the viral coat protein, the viral replicase, and post-transcriptional gene silencing. Techniques using non-pathogen-derived resistance strategies, some of which could offer broader resistance, generally have proven to be much less effective. Not only do the results obtained so far provide a useful guide to help focus on future strategies, but they also suggest that there are a number of possible mechanisms involved in conferring these resistances. Further detailed studies on the interplay between viral transgene-derived molecules and their host are needed in order to elucidate the mechanisms of resistance and pathogenicity.

Increased resistance to cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in Lilium transformed with a defective CMV replicase gene

“…Several successful reports have been published in various replicase gene expression strategies for conferring transgene resistance (reviewed by Morroni et al 2008). Recently, high level of resistance to CMV subgroup I in Gladiolus plant transformed with the defective replicase gene compared to the CMV-CP I was reported (Kamo et al 2010).…”

Current advances and prospectus of viral resistance in horticultural crops

“…CP-mediated resistance has been widely used and reported in over 35 viruses, including Tomato mosaic virus, Yellow mosaic virus, Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), and TYLCV resistances in tomato; PVX, Potato virus Y, and Potato leaf roll virus resistances in potato; CMV resistance in pepper; Plum pox virus resistance in plum; CMV resistance in cucumber; CMV, Zucchini yellow mosaic virus, and Water melon mosaic virus resistances in Zucchini; Zucchini yellow mosaic virus in melon; and Papaya ring spot virus in papaya (Dasgupta et al, 2003). Although the majority of PDRs to viral diseases are engineered using the viral CP, other viral genes like replicases and movement proteins are also used to generate engineered resistances (Morroni et al, 2008;Galvez et al, 2014). The molecular mechanism underlying PDR is not entirely understood.…”

Biotechnological approaches for plant viruses resistance: from general to the modern RNA silencing pathway

“…This is generally limited to the virus strain used to provide the replicase gene (Beachy, 1997). Thus, mutant replicases from Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) subgroup I conferred high levels of resistance in tobacco plants to all subgroup I CMV strains but not to subgroup II strains or other viruses Morroni et al, 2008). Similarly, a mutant, but not a wild type replicase, conferred resistance to infection against PMV (Audy et al, 1994) and AIMV (Brederode et al, 1995).…”