Twenty-five Years of Synthesis of Gasoline by Catalytic Conversion of Carbon Monoxide and Hydrogen

Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis: Deactivation as a Function of Potassium Promoter Loading for Precipitated Iron Catalyst

“…The effects of potassium on the FTS and WGS activities and product selectivity have also been investigated over a variety of iron-based catalysts [13,17,19,20]. While some researchers have reported that FTS activity either increases [2,6,13] or passes through a maximum as a function of potassium loading [11,20], others have found that potassium either has no effect on the activity for FTS [21] or suppresses it [17,20]. In our previous study [22], we reported the activity/stability of an unpromoted and a 2 % potassium promoted iron catalyst during FTS, and the activities of these catalysts decreased in a similar manner with time on stream.…”

Catalytic Synthesis of Hydrocarbons over Group VIII Metals. A Discussion of the Reaction Mechanism

“…A brief review of the mechan1stic hypotheses developed prior to 1970 will be presented'here to serve as background for a discussion of more recent ideas. Details concerning the earlier studies can be found in a number of reviews (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15) published previously.…”

Nickel and Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis

“…It is readily catalyzed over group 8 transition metals such as cobalt, iron, and ruthenium, although due to cost and availability, only the former two are used for large-scale production. The early legacy of the Fischer-Tropsch process has been extensively reviewed by others (1)(2)(3)(4). It was originally believed to be a polymerization process where (iron) carbides were first reduced to CH 2 monomers, which then polymerized into a wide range of products from gaseous C 2 H 6 to heavy wax paraffin.…”

“…It was originally believed to be a polymerization process where (iron) carbides were first reduced to CH 2 monomers, which then polymerized into a wide range of products from gaseous C 2 H 6 to heavy wax paraffin. Since then, the reaction mechanisms of FTS and CO hydrogenation have been much debated, as summarized by many reviews (1,2,(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). The main products from modern FTS are linear paraffins and α-olefins.…”