Tutoring for transfer of technical competence.

A Guide to Authentic e-Learning

“…For example, uploaded movies of experts performing skills-such as, a teacher asking open-ended questions, a nurse using reflective listening with a patient, a building adviser assessing foundations, or a farmer judging the quality of produce-allow students the opportunity to observe the experienced practitioner at work. Gott, Lesgold and Kane (1996) described computer-based learning programs entitled Sherlock 1 and 2, that were designed to teach specialised electronics troubleshooting in avionics. After the student has solved a troubleshooting problem, he or she can review the activity with a 'walk through' the actions taken.…”

Technology, the Columbus Effect, and the Third Revolution in Learning

“…Efforts to provide tutorial dialogue emerged from approaches that were initially described as intelligent computer-assisted instruction (CAI) and later as intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs) (Sleeman and Brown, 1982;Woolf and Regian, 2000). They have been effective, occasionally yielding effect sizes in excess of 1.00 (e.g., Gott, Kane, and Lesgold, 1995). These approaches raise the following questions: What accounts for the success of one-on-one tutorials?…”

Effectiveness and cost benefits of computer-based decision aids for equipment maintenance

“…These capabilities are to one degree or another present in intelligent tutoring systems and performance aids. It is not a great distance from the avionics training capabilities impressively demonstrated by an intelligent tutoring system such as Sherlock (Gott, Kane, and Lesgold, 1995) to avionics performance aiding. Again, the communities concerned with these developments would benefit from increased coordination and communication.…”