Turkish Neonatal Society guideline on neonatal infections - diagnosis and treatment

Abstract

Neonatal infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the first month of life, especially in developing countries. Despite advances in neonatology, neonatal infections still haves clinical importance because of nonspecific signs and symptoms, no perfect diagnostic marker, and interference with non-infectious diseases of newborns. Diagnosis is typically made by clinical and laboratory findings. Empiric antibiotic therapy should be started in a newborn with signs and symptoms of infection after cultures are taken according to the time of the signs and symptoms, risk factors, admission from community or hospital, focus of infection, and antibiotic susceptibility estimation. Treatment should be continued according to clinical findings and culture results. Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis, proper hand washing, aseptic techniques for invasive procedures, appropriate neonatal intensive care unit design, isolation procedures, and especially breast milk use are needed to prevent infections. The use of diagnosis and treatment protocols increases clinical success.

Yenidoğan Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde Gelişen Sağlık Bakım İlişkili Enfeksiyonlar: Son 6 Yılın Değerlendirilmesi

“…Ağının kriterleri baz alınarak SBİE tanısı konuldu (11,12). KNS gibi cilt flora bakterileri ürediğinde, bebeğin kliniği değerlendirildi ve enfeksiyon bulgusu olmayan ve/veya akut faz reaktanları artmayan bebeklerdeki kan kültürü üremeleri enfeksiyon olarak değerlendirilmedi (13). Ayrıca kan kültürü iki set halinde alındı ve kültürlerden sadece birinde üreme olması ve/veya bebekte uygun klinik olmaması kontaminasyon olarak yorumlandı.…”

“…Beslenme ve ilaç uygulamaları nedeniyle yerleştirilen santral venöz kateterler ve özellikle periferik yerleştirilen merkezi kateterler, kateter ilişkili kan dolaşımı enfeksiyonlarına neden olmaktadır. Bu enfeksiyonlar YYBÜ'lerinde en sık görülen enfeksiyonlardandır (9,13,16).…”

SIMPLE: A Novel Scoring System for Predicting Hemodynamically Significant Patent Ductus Arteriosus Without Echocardiographic Evaluation in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants

“…ROP was classified according to The International Classification of Retinopathy of Prematurity (19). Neonatal sepsis was diagnosed according to the criteria of TNS neonatal infection diagnosis and treatment guideline (20).…”

Post-Exchange Transfusion Sodium Change Within a Laboratory Reference Range of Serum in Hospitalized Severe Neonatal Jaundice Cases

“…Shared clinical symptoms of many primary diseases in infancy such as meningitis, cardiac arrhythmias, sepsis, and congenital metabolic disorders, as well as hypoglycemia and hypocalcemia, can be mimicked by medical signs associated with sodium alterations (17). Therefore, preventing more severe abnormalities due to unnatural serum sodium ratio changes, especially neurological dysfunction and precipitation of severe heart failure and arrhythmia, could equally be supported by timely professional medical care interventions through ensuring wellorganized treatment of transfusion-dependent patients (18,19). There are a few quantitative and qualitative surveys conducted for determining and modifying the increased risk of detrimental clinical outcomes correlated with possible fatal sodium abrupt changes during and after the ex-change transfusion in newborns.…”