Turbo Decoder Design based on an LUT-Normalized Log-MAP Algorithm

Li, Jun; Wang, Xiumin; He, Jiayuan; Su, Chen; Shan, Liang

doi:10.3390/e21080814

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In the case of the proposed method using ASPA, the use of ECC methods like Turbocodes [ 55 , 56 ] or Polar codes [ 57 , 58 ] would significantly increase the potential recovery of the watermark even when BER values are not equal to 0. The acceptable value of BER (when BER > 0) for which the watermark could be retrieved will be depended on the used ECC method and the size of the correction code.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Quality Video Watermarking Based on Deep Neural Networks for Video with HEVC Compression

Kaczyński

Piotrowski

Pietrow

2022

Sensors

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This article presents a method for transparent watermarking of high-capacity watermarked video under H.265/HEVC (High-Efficiency Video Coding) compression conditions while maintaining high-quality encoded image. The aim of this paper is to present a method for watermark embedding using neural networks under conditions of subjecting video to lossy compression of the HEVC codec using the YUV420p color model chrominance channel for watermarking. This paper presents a method for training a deep neural network to embed a watermark when a compression channel is present. The discussed method is characterized by high accuracy of the video with an embedded watermark compared to the original. The PSNR (peak signal-to-noise ratio) values obtained are over 44 dB. The watermark capacity is 96 bits for an image with a resolution of 128 × 128. The method enables the complete recovery of a watermark from a single video frame compressed by the HEVC codec within the range of compression values defined by the CRF (constant rate factor) up to 22.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Quality Video Watermarking Based on Deep Neural Networks for Video with HEVC Compression

Kaczyński

Piotrowski

Pietrow

2022

Sensors

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“…The log-MAP algorithm was used for turbo decoding [18] in the Wi-Max communication system. The lookup table (LUT) based log-MAP algorithm was proposed for turbo decoder structure in LTE wireless communication system [19] that reduces the logic resource utilization by 15% in comparison to the conventional design approach.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turbo encoder and decoder chip design and FPGA device analysis for communication system

Devrari

Kumar

2023

IJRES

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<p>Turbo codes are error-correcting codes with performance that is close to the Shannon theoretical limit (SHA). The motivation for using turbo codes is that the codes are an appealing mix of a random appearance on the channel and a physically realizable decoding structure. The communication systems have the problem of latency, fast switching, and reliable data transfer. The objective of the research paper is to design and turbo encoder and decoder hardware chip and analyze its performance. Two convolutional codes are concatenated concurrently and detached by an interleaver or permuter in the turbo encoder. The expected data from the channel is interpreted iteratively using the two related decoders. The soft (probabilistic) data about an individual bit of the decoded structure is passed in each cycle from one elementary decoder to the next, and this information is updated regularly. The performance of the chip is also verified using the maximum a posteriori (MAP) method in the decoder chip. The performance of field-programmable gate array (FPGA) hardware is evaluated using hardware and timing parameters extracted from Xilinx ISE 14.7. The parallel concatenation offers a better global rate for the same component code performance, and reduced delay, low hardware complexity, and higher frequency support.</p>

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“…These codes provide burst errors in such environment and capable of replacing Reed Solomon codes by offering large coding gains at same code length and code rate. Li, J. et.al [20] presented a combination of Log-MAP decoding algorithm and a LUT-Log-MAP algorithm called LUT-Nor-Log-MAP algorithm. Also, a normalization functional unit is used for the SISO decoder unit.…”

Section: Albayrak C Etalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the decoder uses Bahl, Cocke, Jelinek and Raviv (BCJR) algorithm [3], based on Maximum Posteriori Probability (MAP) algorithm. The Viterbi algorithm is used for the sequence with finite or infinite length, whereas, MAP algorithm [11,20] can only be used with sequences having finite length. The low complexity and bit error rate (BER) performance of turbo codes made this coding scheme good for 3G, 4G communication systems.…”

Section: Turbo Codesmentioning

confidence: 99%

FPGA Performance Analysis of LDPC and Turbo Codes for Communication System

Devrari

Kumar

2022

Preprint

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The wireless communication system is based on several coding schemes such as turbo codes, LDPC codes, convolutional, polar, and systematic, etc. The coding techniques should satisfy the hardware system requirements while machine and device communication is taken place. The turbo codes provide a good coding gain close to Shannon’s limit, whereas LDPC codes have the ability to provide error corrected data over a noisy channel. The research article presents the comparative performance analysis of turbo and LDPC coding hardware architecture. The encoder and decoder hardware chip of turbo and LDPC is designed using Xilinix ISE 14.7 software, targeted Virtex- 5 FPGA. The performance of both coding methods is evaluated using iterative coding scheme. The FPGA hardware complexity is analyzed in terms of hardware and FPGA performance parameters such as slices, flip flops, LUTs and IoBs utilization. The performance the coding methods are also analyzed in terms of timing information related parameters such as path delay, minimum duration, minimum and maximum time of the clock signal, etc. The research work is very much helpful for 4G and 5G mobile communication requirements in device to device communication.

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Turbo Decoder Design based on an LUT-Normalized Log-MAP Algorithm

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

High-Quality Video Watermarking Based on Deep Neural Networks for Video with HEVC Compression

High-Quality Video Watermarking Based on Deep Neural Networks for Video with HEVC Compression

Turbo encoder and decoder chip design and FPGA device analysis for communication system

FPGA Performance Analysis of LDPC and Turbo Codes for Communication System

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