Tuning the Aggressive TCP Behavior for Highly Concurrent HTTP Connections in Intra-Datacenter

Zhang, Tao; Huang, Jiawei; Chen, Jianer; Pan, Yi; Min, Geyong

doi:10.1109/tnet.2017.2759300

Cited by 27 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…That offers a controlled and predictable environment to compare and analyze the behavior of S-Cubic. In practice, a network bottleneck is likely to be shared by multiple TCP flows, and this presents a challenge -the presence of competing flows means that the actual bandwidth available will vary with time [32][33].…”

Section: Shared Bottleneck Linkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stateful-TCP—A New Approach to Accelerate TCP Slow-Start

Guo

Lee

2020

IEEE Access

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The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is one of the pillars of the Internet. Therefore extensive research has been conducted to improve its performance, primarily via optimizing TCP's congestion control algorithm. In this work, we show that besides congestion control, TCP's Slow-Start algorithm is increasingly becoming a bottleneck in modern high-speed networks. To tackle the problem, we propose a different approach called Stateful-TCP, where path bandwidth estimated in a previous flow is used to instantly ramp up the transmission rate of the subsequent flow to the same destination. This eliminates the need for bandwidth probing in conventional Slow-Start, enabling TCP to efficiently utilize the available path bandwidth right from the beginning. We applied Stateful-TCP to Linux's default TCP implementation-Cubic, to form S-Cubic and evaluated its performance via extensive emulations and Internet experiments. Results from independent Internet experiments using over 1,000 end-user clients showed that S-Cubic could reduce FCT by 37.5% and increase throughput by over 50% compared to Cubic. As opposed to an entirely new TCP design, Stateful-TCP is designed to complement congestion control and thus could potentially be applied to many of the existing TCP variants, as well as incorporated into future TCP designs.

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Section: Shared Bottleneck Linkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stateful-TCP—A New Approach to Accelerate TCP Slow-Start

Guo

Lee

2020

IEEE Access

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“…Approaches. At present, the web services are provided using two different ways: the first has no privacy, at which the web page content is delivered over the insecure plain HTTP [36]; and the second guarantees the confidentiality and privacy, at which the web page content is delivered over HTTPS.…”

Section: Insecure Web Content Delivery With Previousmentioning

confidence: 99%

QoS3: Secure Caching in HTTPS Based on Fine-Grained Trust Delegation

Al-Dailami

Ruan

Bao

et al. 2019

Security and Communication Networks

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With the ever-increasing concern in network security and privacy, a major portion of Internet traffic is encrypted now. Recent research shows that more than 70% of Internet content is transmitted using HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS). However, HTTPS encryption eliminates the advantages of many intermediate services like the caching proxy, which can significantly degrade the performance of web content delivery. We argue that these restrictions lead to the need for other mechanisms to access sites quickly and safely. In this paper, we introduce QoS3, which is a protocol that can overcome such limitations by allowing clients to explicitly and securely re-introduce in-network caching proxies using fine-grained trust delegation without compromising the integrity of the HTTPS content and modifying the format of Transport Layer Security (TLS). In QoS3, we classify web page contents into two types: (1) public contents that are common for all users, which can be stored in the caching proxies, and (2) private contents that are specific for each user. Correspondingly, QoS3 establishes two separate TLS connections between the client and the web server for them. Specifically, for private contents, QoS3 just leverages the original HTTPS protocol to deliver them, without involving any middlebox. For public contents, QoS3 allows clients to delegate trust to specific caching proxy along the path, thereby allowing the clients to use the cached contents in the caching proxy via a delegated HTTPS connection. Meanwhile, to prevent Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) attacks on public contents, QoS3 validates the public contents by employing Document object Model (DoM) object-level checksums, which are delivered through the original HTTPS connection. We implement a prototype of QoS3 and evaluate its performance in our testbed. Experimental results show that QoS3 provides acceleration on page load time ranging between 30% and 64% over traditional HTTPS with negligible overhead. Moreover, QoS3 is deployable since it requires just minor software modifications to the server, client, and the middlebox.

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“…A session-aware mechanism [23] is proposed to slow down the leading flows at the presence of congestion, thus, the lagging ones will have a greater chance to catch up to obtain improved goodput and session completion time. In [24], the authors provided a wide study to examine the basic reason of degraded performance of highly concurrent HTTP connections in data center networks. To avoid the TCP Incast problem, the probe packets are used to detect the available bandwidth at the beginning of ON periods in HTTP congestions.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gentle Slow Start to Alleviate TCP Incast in Data Center Networks

2019

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Modern data center networks typically adopt symmetric topologies, such as leaf-spine and fat-tree. When a large number of transmission control protocol (TCP) flows in data center networks send data to the same receiver, the congestion collapse, called TCP Incast, frequently happens because of the huge packet losses and Time-Out. To address the TCP Incast issue, we firstly demonstrate that adjusting the increasing speed of the congestion window during the slow start phase is crucially important. Then we propose the Gentle Slow Start (GSS) algorithm, which adjusts the congestion window according to real-time congestion state in a gentle manner and smoothly switches from slow start to congestion avoidance phase. Furthermore, we present the implementation and design of Gentle Slow Start and also integrate it into the state-of-the-art data center transport protocols. The test results show that GSS effectively decreases the Incast probability and increases the network goodput by average 8x.

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Tuning the Aggressive TCP Behavior for Highly Concurrent HTTP Connections in Intra-Datacenter

Cited by 27 publications

References 28 publications

Stateful-TCP—A New Approach to Accelerate TCP Slow-Start

Stateful-TCP—A New Approach to Accelerate TCP Slow-Start

QoS3: Secure Caching in HTTPS Based on Fine-Grained Trust Delegation

Gentle Slow Start to Alleviate TCP Incast in Data Center Networks

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