Tuning of Essential Oil Properties by Enzymatic Treatment: Towards Sustainable Processes for the Generation of New Fragrance Ingredients

Abstract

In this review, several strategies of modification of essential oils by enzymatic treatment are presented. Being either applied before or after the production of the essential oil, enzymatic methods are shown to be particularly adapted to attain the required selectivity, specificity and efficiency in sustainable processes delivering products eligible for the natural grade. Examples dealing with the optimization of the properties of essential oils in terms of biological activity, odor and safety are provided, and it is likely that these strategies will address other type of properties in the future, such as the physico-chemical properties, for example.

Enzymatic Process Enhances the Flavour Profile and Increases the Proportion of Esters in Citrus Essential Oils

“…Lipase acylation with different acyl donors has been reported to tune the olfactory properties of rose essential oils. [18] However, this method is relatively difficult to employ for CEOs, because the main alcohols contained in CEOs are tertiary alcohols, which have different properties for lipase esterification or transesterification, [21] and the concentrations of alcohols in CEOs are low. Only 0.51% linalool was detected in ASO, and no alcohols were detected in BMO in this study (data not shown).…”

“…Some enzymatic processes have been reported, such as the use of cellulase, pectinase, and protease to aid in extracting fresh juices and essential oils, and naringinase to debitter naringin . Lipases have been used to adjust the olfactory properties of rose essential oils through acylation via different acyl donors because of their rich content of alcohols, such as geraniol, citronellol, and 2‐phenylethanol, and to acylate Vetiver essential oil . But thus far, there have been few reports on the use of lipase to enhance the flavor profiles of CEOs.…”

Propuesta para seleccionar aceites esenciales de plantas de Colombia para investigación con base en su citotoxicidad

“…En los primeros lugares se ubicaron los AE con CC 50 entre 201 y 500 µg/mL en el mayor número de condiciones experimentales y valores de ∑JPi > 6.0, los primeros se consideraron los menos citotóxicos y en orden descendente fueron en el siguiente rango (∑JPi en paréntesis): Calycolpus moritzianus (9,7) < Psidium sartorianum (8,9) < Wedelia calycina (6,5) < Lippia micromera (6,2) ≈ Piper haltonii (6,2).En últimos lugares se ubicaron las muestras con CC 50 de 20 -200 µg/mL en al menos cuatro de las condiciones experimentales y por lo mismo con valores de ∑JPi < 4.0. Los cinco AE más citotóxicos en orden ascendente fueron en el siguiente rango: Tagetes caracasana (2,7 -2,8) > Chromolaena odorata (3,0) > Ageratina popayanensis (3,1) > Lantana colombiana (3,3) > Turnera diffusa (3,4).…”

“…Al menos 3000 se han identificado y 300 están comercialmente disponibles para diversos usos como la fabricación de perfumes, cosméticos, productos de limpieza, insecticidas, conservantes y aditivos de alimentos (1)(2)(3)(4)(5). Los AE también están presentes en formulaciones de medicamentos homeopáticos, por ejemplo, la aplicación tópica se usa para tratar el acné, dermatomicosis y otras afectaciones de la piel, la aromaterapia para infecciones del tracto respiratorio y afecciones del sistema nervioso y el efecto anticancerígeno están bien documentado (6)(7)(8)(9).…”

Recent Developments in Pharmaceutical and Therapeutic Applications of Sandalwood Oil

“…Especially, compounds 7 and 8 have strong anti-H. pylori activities against a clarithromycin-resistant strain (TS281) as well as other strains. [46] A multidimensional gas chromatographic system (MDGC) mechanisms of α-santalol on skin cancer development in both animal models and skin cancer cell lines. [48] www.wjpps.com …”