Tuning of Cell–Biomaterial Anchorage for Tissue Regeneration

Abstract

Which mechanisms mediate cell attachment to biomaterials? What role does the surface charge or wettability play on cell-material anchorage? What are the currently investigated strategies to modify cell-matrix adherence spatiotemporally? Considering the development of scaffolds made of biocompatible materials to temporarily replace the structure and/or function of the extracellular matrix, focus is given to the analysis of the specific (i.e., cell adhesive peptide sequences) and unspecific (i.e., surface charge, wettability) mechanisms mediating cell-matrix interactions. Furthermore, because natural tissue regeneration is characterized by the dynamic attachment/detachment of different cell populations, the design of advanced scaffolds for tissue engineering, based in the spatiotemporal tuning of cell-matrix anchorage is discussed.

Effects of magnesium silicate on the mechanical properties, biocompatibility, bioactivity, degradability, and osteogenesis of poly(butylene succinate)-based composite scaffolds for bone repair

“…In conclusion, the m-MS/PBSu composite scaffolds with a hierarchically macro-micro-mesoporous structure could be fabricated by a convenient salt-leaching method and this unique porous structure could be favourable for host cell Besides pore size, pore interconnectivity also plays a vital role in promoting the ingrowth of cells/tissue into scaffolds. 25 In this study, it can be seen from the SRmCT images (Fig. 2) that the scaffolds with well interconnected macropores were 3D sponge-like porous structures.…”

Clinoenstatite coatings have high bonding strength, bioactive ion release, and osteoimmunomodulatory effects that enhance in vivo osseointegration

“…This commonly leads to the failure of titanium based implants to integrate with the skeleton [5]. A number of coating materials have been developed in an effort to endow titanium implants with better osteogenic properties and this approach has achieved a degree of clinical success [6,7]. However, the effective life span of such coating materials are limited and still needs to be improved.…”

Regulation of Stem Cell Fate by Nanomaterial Substrates

“…Several comprehensive reviews exist that discuss the types of stimuli used to design responsive materials and surfaces. 7,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Here, we will briefly discuss the stimuli used thus far to design responsive biointerfaces in the context of the origin of the stimulus as illustrated in Figure 3, as this determines the material's scope for applications in regenerative medicine.…”

“…materials that change one or more of their properties when exposed to a stimulus, continue to attract considerable attention; significant efforts are placed in developing novel stimulus-responsive materials and surfaces with enhanced control and variation over the material response; overviews over progress in this area can be found in a number of recent reviews. 7,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Most of these reviews discuss responsive materials in general; fewer focus on responsive surfaces and interfaces. [14][15][16] This review aims to outline the design characteristics required and the challenges involved in engineering a new generation of responsive cell-material interfaces (biointerfaces) and highlights current strategies and recent advances in this field.…”