Tuning of adhesion and disintegration of oxidized starch adhesives for the recycling of medium density fiberboard

Park, Byung‐Dae; Hong, Min-Kug

doi:10.15376/biores.15.3.5156-5178

Cited by 24 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Statistical analysis suggested that a combination of PVOH–hexamine with 20% lignin adhesive and cold pressing for 24 h could produce plywood with comparable TSS value to the control PU resins. Several studies reported that plywood bonded with UF or melamine–urea–formaldehyde resins using hot pressing for 4–10 min had TSS values ranging from 1.0 to 1.4 MPa [ 7 , 12 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 ]. Markedly, a chemical modification of lignin is needed to increase its reactivity, aimed at shortening the cold-pressing time, improving the bonding strength of plywood, and increasing the production capacities for manufacturing plywood panels by cold pressing.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Lignin Content and Pressing Time on Plywood Properties Bonded with Cold-Setting Adhesive Based on Poly (Vinyl Alcohol), Lignin, and Hexamine

et al. 2022

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The sustainability, performance, and cost of production in the plywood industry depend on wood adhesives and the hot-pressing process. In this study, a cold-setting plywood adhesive was developed based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), high-purity lignin, and hexamine. The influence of lignin content (10%, 15%, and 20%) and cold-pressing time (3, 6, 12, and 24 h) on cohesion, adhesion, and formaldehyde emission of plywood were investigated through physical, chemical, thermal, and mechanical analyses. The increased lignin addition level lowered the solids content, which resulted in reduced average viscosity of the adhesive. As a result, the cohesion strength of the adhesive formulation with 10% lignin addition was greater than those of 15% and 20% lignin content. Markedly, the adhesive formulation containing a 15% lignin addition level exhibited superior thermo-mechanical properties than the blends with 10% and 20% lignin content. This study showed that 10% and 15% lignin content in the adhesive resulted in better cohesion strength than that with 20% lignin content. However, statistical analysis revealed that the addition of 20% lignin in the adhesive and using a cold-pressing time of 24 h could produce plywood that was comparable to the control polyurethane resins, i.e., dry tensile shear strength (TSS) value of 0.95 MPa, modulus of rupture (MOR) ranging from 35.8 MPa, modulus of elasticity (MOE) values varying from 3980 MPa, and close-to-zero formaldehyde emission (FE) of 0.1 mg/L, which meets the strictest emission standards. This study demonstrated the feasibility of fabricating eco-friendly plywood bonded with PVOH–lignin–hexamine-based adhesive using cold pressing as an alternative to conventional plywood.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Lignin Content and Pressing Time on Plywood Properties Bonded with Cold-Setting Adhesive Based on Poly (Vinyl Alcohol), Lignin, and Hexamine

et al. 2022

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“…Oxidation is a standard process used in the production of starch wood adhesives [194]. Recently, some researchers drew attention to the selective oxidation of plant meals in terms of their efficacy in the application of adhesives [195,196].…”

Section: Lignin-based Nipus Adhesivementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments in Lignin- and Tannin-Based Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane Resins for Wood Adhesives—A Review

et al. 2021

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This review article aims to summarize the potential of using renewable natural resources, such as lignin and tannin, in the preparation of NIPUs for wood adhesives. Polyurethanes (PUs) are extremely versatile polymeric materials, which have been widely used in numerous applications, e.g., packaging, footwear, construction, the automotive industry, the lighting industry, insulation panels, bedding, furniture, metallurgy, sealants, coatings, foams, and wood adhesives. The isocyanate-based PUs exhibit strong adhesion properties, excellent flexibility, and durability, but they lack renewability. Therefore, this study focused on the development of non-isocyanate polyurethane lignin and tannin resins for wood adhesives. PUs are commercially synthesized using polyols and polyisocyanates. Isocyanates are toxic, costly, and not renewable; thus, a search of suitable alternatives in the synthesis of polyurethane resins is needed. The reaction with diamine compounds could result in NIPUs based on lignin and tannin. The research on bio-based components for PU synthesis confirmed that they have good characteristics as an alternative for the petroleum-based adhesives. The advantages of improved strength, low curing temperatures, shorter pressing times, and isocyanate-free properties were demonstrated by lignin- and tannin-based NIPUs. The elimination of isocyanate, associated with environmental and human health hazards, NIPU synthesis, and its properties and applications, including wood adhesives, are reported comprehensively in this paper. The future perspectives of NIPUs’ production and application were also outlined.

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“…Due to this, chemical synthesis routes for nonisocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) have been developed. Wood-based panel adhesives also make use of polymeric diphenyl-methane diisocyanate (pMDI) [94,95]. The toxicity of pMDI has redirected research towards developing isocyanate-free polyurethanes (NIPUs) [96][97][98][99].…”

Section: Synthesis Of Tannin-based Bio-polyurethane Resinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Based Polyurethane Resins Derived from Tannin: Source, Synthesis, Characterisation, and Application

Aristri

Iswanto

Fatriasari

et al. 2021

Forests

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Tannins are soluble, astringent secondary phenolic metabolites generally obtained from renewable natural resources, and can be found in many plant parts, such as fruits, stems, leaves, seeds, roots, buds, and tree barks, where they have a protective function against bacterial, fungal, and insect attacks. In general, tannins can be extracted using hot water or organic solvents from the bark, leaves, and stems of plants. Industrially, tannins are applied to produce adhesives, wood coatings, and other applications in the wood and polymer industries. In addition, tannins can also be used as a renewable and environmentally friendly material to manufacture bio-based polyurethanes (bio-PUs) to reduce or eliminate the toxicity of isocyanates used in their manufacture. Tannin-based bio-PUs can improve the mechanical and thermal properties of polymers used in the automotive, wood, and construction industries. The various uses of tannins need to be put into perspective with regards to possible further advances and future potential for value-added applications. Tannins are employed in a wide range of industrial applications, including the production of leather and wood adhesives, accounting for almost 90% of the global commercial tannin output. The shortage of natural resources, as well as the growing environmental concerns related to the reduction of harmful emissions of formaldehyde or isocyanates used in the production of polyurethanes, have driven the industrial and academic interest towards the development of tannin-based bio-PUs as sustainable alternative materials with satisfactory characteristics. The aim of the present review is to comprehensively summarize the current state of research in the field of development, characterization, and application of tannin-derived, bio-based polyurethane resins. The successful synthesis process of the tannin-based bio-PUs was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) analyses.

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Tuning of adhesion and disintegration of oxidized starch adhesives for the recycling of medium density fiberboard

Cited by 24 publications

References 51 publications

Influence of Lignin Content and Pressing Time on Plywood Properties Bonded with Cold-Setting Adhesive Based on Poly (Vinyl Alcohol), Lignin, and Hexamine

Influence of Lignin Content and Pressing Time on Plywood Properties Bonded with Cold-Setting Adhesive Based on Poly (Vinyl Alcohol), Lignin, and Hexamine

Recent Developments in Lignin- and Tannin-Based Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane Resins for Wood Adhesives—A Review

Bio-Based Polyurethane Resins Derived from Tannin: Source, Synthesis, Characterisation, and Application

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