Tunable sign of magnetoresistance in graphene foam – Ecoflex® composite for wearable magnetoelectronic devices

Sagar, Rizwan Ur Rehman; Qazi, Hafiz Imran Ahmad; Zeb, M. Husnain; Stadler, Florian J.; Shabbir, Babar; Wang, Xiaohao

doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2019.06.066

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Due to its unique physical/chemical properties, graphene has soon attracted the attention of researchers [26]. Multilayered graphene, graphene foams, and hybrid graphene nanocomposites have been introduced in the development of MR materials/structures [27][28][29]. Layered graphene MR systems are constructed by introducing disorders into monolayer/multilayer graphene or combining graphene layers in multilayer devices [30][31][32][33][34][35].…”

Section: Developing Magnetoresistance Materials/structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chemosensors 2021, 9, x FOR PEER REVIEW 4 of 23 nanocomposites have been introduced in the development of MR materials/structures [27][28][29]. Layered graphene MR systems are constructed by introducing disorders into monolayer/multilayer graphene or combining graphene layers in multilayer devices [30][31][32][33][34][35].…”

Section: Gmr and Tmr Multilayer Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current Progress of Magnetoresistance Sensors

Yang

Zhang

2021

Chemosensors

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Magnetoresistance (MR) is the variation of a material’s resistivity under the presence of external magnetic fields. Reading heads in hard disk drives (HDDs) are the most common applications of MR sensors. Since the discovery of giant magnetoresistance (GMR) in the 1980s and the application of GMR reading heads in the 1990s, the MR sensors lead to the rapid developments of the HDDs’ storage capacity. Nowadays, MR sensors are employed in magnetic storage, position sensing, current sensing, non-destructive monitoring, and biomedical sensing systems. MR sensors are used to transfer the variation of the target magnetic fields to other signals such as resistance change. This review illustrates the progress of developing nanoconstructed MR materials/structures. Meanwhile, it offers an overview of current trends regarding the applications of MR sensors. In addition, the challenges in designing/developing MR sensors with enhanced performance and cost-efficiency are discussed in this review.

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Section: Developing Magnetoresistance Materials/structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gmr and Tmr Multilayer Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Progress of Magnetoresistance Sensors

Yang

Zhang

2021

Chemosensors

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“…For example, several researchers designed and manufactured single-wall or multi-wall carbon nanotube (CNT)-Ecoflex nanocomposite thin films as soft strain sensors [15,19,20,21], dielectric elastomer actuators [22], and smart keypad [23] with good sensitivity and flexibility. Other types of composites were demonstrated such as graphene foam/Ecoflex strain-pressure sensor [24,25], carbon black/thermoplastic polyurethane/Ecoflex composite strain sensor [26], and starch/Ecoflex/biomass waste composite green materials [27]. Ecoflex had also been applied to BaTiO3/Ecoflex-based piezoelectric nanogenerators for self-powered human motion monitoring [28] and multifunctional flexible piezo/triboelectric hybrid water energy harvesters based on biocompatible AlN and soft parylene-PDMS-Ecoflex [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the stress recovery behaviour of Ecoflex silicone rubbers

Liao

Yang

Hossain

et al. 2021

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences

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Silicone rubbers are promising materials that have extensively been used in many areas, including wearable electronic devices, actuator materials in soft robotics, and energy harvesters. Ecoflex, a commercially available polymer, is a group of silicone rubbers appearing with various Shore hardnesses that has become popular in recent years. While silicone rubbers in their real applications are subjected to repeated loadingunloading conditions, their mechanical behaviour under cyclic loading in different deformation modes and the corresponding stress recovery behaviour are yet to be well investigated. In this contribution, we conduct loading-unloading cyclic experiments in different time gaps between the first cycle and the second cycle to demonstrate the stress recovery behaviour after stress softening happens during the first cycle. For that, three different modes of deformations, i.e., uniaxial tension, planar tension, and equibiaxial tension tests are selected. Besides, Shore hardness dependence with different strain levels is also taken into consideration. The results show that the stress softening could recover significantly with time. These findings will help to understand the mechanical behaviour of Ecoflex silicone rubbers before selecting them in practical applications that are exposed to repeated loading-unloading cycles.

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“…Other than doped a-Carbon, there are many uses for un-doped a-Carbon, such as its contributions to the undeviating impact on the amorphous nature and magnetotransport properties of a-Carbon. Intensive studies of doped a-Carbon magnetotransport properties have already done in previous years; however, un-doped amorphous carbon studies are rare, which have specific significance [13,[18][19][20][21]. Sagar et al reported on CVD-grown a-Carbon with a negative MR magnitude of 2.7% and an angular MR of 9.5%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substrate Impact on MR Characteristics of Carbon Nano Films Explored via AFM and Raman Analysis

et al. 2021

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Recent advances in the fabrication and classification of amorphous carbon (a-Carbon) thin films play an active part in the field of surface materials science. In this paper, a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique through controlling experimental parameters, including deposition time/temperature and laser energy/frequency, has been employed to examine the substrate effect of amorphous carbon thin film fabrication over SiO2 and glass substrates. In this paper, we have examined the structural and magnetoresistance (MR) properties of these thin films. The intensity ratio of the G-band and D-band (ID/IG) were 1.1 and 2.4, where the C(sp2) atomic ratio for the thin films samples that were prepared on glass and SiO2 substrates, were observed as 65% and 85%, respectively. The MR properties were examined under a magnetic field ranging from −9 T to 9 T within a 2-K to 40-K temperature range. A positive MR value of 15% was examined at a low temperature of 2 K for the thin films grown on SiO2 substrate at a growth temperature of 400 °C using a 300 mJ/pulse laser frequency. The structural changes may tune the magnetoresistance properties of these a-Carbon materials. These results were demonstrated to be highly promising for carbon-based spintronics and magnetic sensors.

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Tunable sign of magnetoresistance in graphene foam – Ecoflex® composite for wearable magnetoelectronic devices

Cited by 10 publications

References 25 publications

Current Progress of Magnetoresistance Sensors

Current Progress of Magnetoresistance Sensors

On the stress recovery behaviour of Ecoflex silicone rubbers

Substrate Impact on MR Characteristics of Carbon Nano Films Explored via AFM and Raman Analysis

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