Tunable-focus lens for adaptive eyeglasses

Hasan, Nazmul; Banerjee, Aishwaryadev; Kim, Hanseup; Mastrangelo, Carlos H.

doi:10.1364/oe.25.001221

Cited by 113 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In this regard, smart materials such as photopolymers [20] and dielectric elastomers (DEs) [21][22][23] have been employed to seal liquids in a chamber, and such systems when driven by blue-light irradiation or an operation voltage can reshape the lens profile, thereby resulting in change in the focal length. Various driving approaches based on fluidic pressure [24][25][26], acoustic radiation [27], electrochemistry [28], thermal effects [29,30], environmentally adaptive hydrogel [31], and other methods are currently available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dielectric-elastomer-based fabrication method for varifocal microlens array

2017

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We report on a method to fabricate a varifocal microlens array that employs a dielectric elastomer (DE) sandwiched between two electrodes as the lens material. The microlens array is patterned on the electrode plates, and when the electrodes are subjected to a controllable operating voltage, the DE material is "squeezed" by the Maxwell force to deform the lens array pattern, thus resulting in curvature deformation yielding a tunable lens profile. The tunable focal length performance ranges from 950 mm to infinity. When compared with liquid-filled lenses, solid-based varifocal lenses are more robust to thermal expansion, gravity, and vibrational motion. Our approach can be utilized in applications such as machine vision systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dielectric-elastomer-based fabrication method for varifocal microlens array

2017

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“…Fig. 2c, three-way RANOVA: F(2,20)=28.919, p<0.001, 2 =0.743). The strength of spatial cueing tended to vary with the participant's acuity level (seeFig.1in the Supplementary Materials).…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

On the joint effect of endogenous spatial attention and defocus blur on acuity: attentional limit to the resolving power of the eye

Lestrange-Anginieur

Leung

Kee

2020

Preprint

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Defocus blur and spatial attention both act on our ability to see clearly over time. However, it is currently unknown how these two factors interact because studies on acuity resolution only focused on the separate effects of attention and defocus blurs. In this study, resolution acuity was measured along the diagonal 135°/315° with horizontal, at 8° eccentricity for clear and blur Landolt C images under various manipulations of covert endogenous attention. We observe that attention not just improves the resolution of clear stimuli, but also modulates the resolution of defocused stimuli for compensating the loss of resolution caused by retinal blur. Our results show, however, that as the degree of attention decreases, the differences between clear and blurred images largely diminish, thus limiting the benefit of an image quality enhancement. It also appeared that attention tends to enhance the resolution of clear images more than blurred targets, suggesting potential variations in the gain of vision correction with the level of attention. This demonstrates that the interaction between spatial attention and focus plays a role in the way we see things. In view of these findings, the development of adaptive (neuro-optical) interventions, which adjust the eye’s focus to attention, may hold promise.Significance statementVisual technologies are now attaining a degree of extreme sophistication and diversity, which allows more comprehensive, but often complex manipulations of the optical image formed onto the back of the eye. It is therefore an enigma how those fine and immersive manipulations of the sensory environment are integrated in the brain. In this study, we show that the resolving power of the eye can depend complexly on the interaction between spatial attention and focus. This discovery suggests that perception might be advantageously guided by technologies tailoring optical focus to individual attentional patterns.

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“…These lenses have even been integrated into regular eyewear to allow patients to regain their full range of sight [9]. With electrically tunable lenses, changing the power (and thus the focus) of the lens is much faster than mechanically moving either the sample or the system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a universal, tunable, miniature fluorescence microscope for use at the point of care

Wong

Pawłowski

Forcucci

et al. 2018

Biomed. Opt. Express

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Fluorescence microscopy can be a powerful tool for cell-based diagnostic assays; however, imaging can be time consuming and labor intensive to perform. Tunable systems give the ability to electronically focus at user selected depths inside an object volume and may simplify the opto-mechanical design of the imaging system. We present a prototype of a universal, tunable, miniature fluorescence microscope built from poly(methyl methacrylate) singlets that incorporates miniature, electrowetted lenses for electronic focusing. We demonstrate the ability of this system to perform clinically relevant differential white blood cell counts using single use custom cartridges pre-loaded with the fluorescent dye acridine orange.

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Tunable-focus lens for adaptive eyeglasses

Cited by 113 publications

References 31 publications

Dielectric-elastomer-based fabrication method for varifocal microlens array

Dielectric-elastomer-based fabrication method for varifocal microlens array

On the joint effect of endogenous spatial attention and defocus blur on acuity: attentional limit to the resolving power of the eye

Development of a universal, tunable, miniature fluorescence microscope for use at the point of care

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