Tumors of the nervous system induced by ethylnitrosourea administered either intracerebrally or subcutaneously to newborn rats

Grossi-Paoletti, E.; Paoletti, P; Pezzotta, S.; Schiffer, Davide; Fabiani, A

doi:10.3171/jns.1972.37.5.0580

Cited by 20 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The earliest animal model of brain tumors was based on mutagenesis using DNA alkylating agents such as N -ethyl- N -nitrosourea (ENU). The ENU model induces sporadic brain tumors of various grades by injection of ENU into gestating rat embryos 50 . This experimental approach has resulted in a cohort of rat brain tumor models that have yielded insight into the biology of the disease as well as allowed for therapeutic testing 51 .…”

Section: Birth Of the Legend – Cell(s) Of Origin For Gbmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seeing is Believing: Are Cancer Stem Cells the Loch Ness Monster of Tumor Biology?

Lathia

Venere

Rao³

et al. 2010

Stem Cell Rev and Rep

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Tumors are complex systems with a diversity of cell phenotypes essential to tumor initiation and maintenance. With the heterogeneity present within the neoplastic compartment as its foundation, the cancer stem cell hypothesis posits that a fraction of tumor cells has the capacity to recapitulate the parental tumor upon transplantation. Over the last decade, the cancer stem cell hypothesis has gained support and shown to be relevant in many highly lethal solid tumors. However, the cancer stem cell hypothesis is not without its controversies and critics question the validity of this hypothesis based upon comparisons to normal somatic stem cells. Cancer stem cells may have direct therapeutic relevance due to resistance to current treatment paradigms, suggesting novel multimodal therapies targeting the cancer stem cells may improve patient outcomes. In this review, we will use the most common primary brain tumor, glioblastoma multiforme, as an example to illustrate why studying cancer stem cells holds great promise for more effective therapies to highly lethal tumors. In addition, we will discuss why the abilities of self-renewal and tumor propagation are the critical defining properties of cancer stem cells. Furthermore, we will examine recent progress in defining appropriate cell surface selection markers and mouse models which explore the potential cell(s) or origin for GBMs. What remains clear is that a population of cells is present in many tumors which are resistant to conventional therapies and must be considered in the design of the next generation of cancer treatments.

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Section: Birth Of the Legend – Cell(s) Of Origin For Gbmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seeing is Believing: Are Cancer Stem Cells the Loch Ness Monster of Tumor Biology?

Lathia

Venere

Rao³

et al. 2010

Stem Cell Rev and Rep

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“…On the other hand, suspected ependymomas have been identified among the primary brain tumors induced in rats by transplacental dimethyl-benzo-anthracene (DBA) (18) or by ethyl-nitrosourea (ENU) and other alkylating agents (19,20,(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28).…”

Section: Ependymomatous Tumors Induced By Chemical Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ependymoma Models

Vaquero¹,

Zurita²

2012

Neuromethods

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Experimental neurocarcinogenesis using chemical agents or certain viruses can get brain tumors; some of them have been considered classically as ependymomas according to their histological aspects. However, it is now accepted that these tumors do not meet a clear criteria to be considered as ependymoma models. Xenografts of human ependymomas in nude mouse are most useful models, but they have the disadvantage that the absence of host immune response may mask important aspects currently considered in the biology of brain tumors.

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