Tumors Associated with Sudden Infant and Childhood Death

Krous, Henry F.; Chadwick, Amy E.; Isaacs, Hart

doi:10.1007/s10024-004-7077-z

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…Previous studies have found that infants experiencing ALTEs share some characteristics of the SIDS population in that both groups were predominantly male, and that prematurely born infants, low birth weight babies, and infants with antecedent symptoms were overrepresented [9][10][11]. But ALTEs have many causes including infections, intoxication, head trauma, seizures [12], aspiration of gastric contents [13], cardiac arrhythmias [14], electrolyte imbalance, metabolic disorders, unsafe sleep environments, attempted suffocation [15], and tumors [16], that are neither etiologically nor pathophysiologically related to SIDS and must be excluded before a diagnosis of SIDS can be made. A recent study from Sweden reported that only 1.9% of living control cases in the Nordic pathological study experienced an ALTE compared to 7.4% of the SIDS cases [17].…”

Section: Sids and Altesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delayed death in sudden infant death syndrome: A San Diego SIDS/SUDC Research Project 15-year population-based report

Krous

Haas

Chadwick

et al. 2008

Forensic Science International

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Section: Sids and Altesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delayed death in sudden infant death syndrome: A San Diego SIDS/SUDC Research Project 15-year population-based report

Krous

Haas

Chadwick

et al. 2008

Forensic Science International

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“…The most common primary tumor sites were the heart and the brain, with a majority occurring in the heart (46 of 63), followed by the brain (9 of 63) [14]. Other locations included two bone marrow (leukemia) cases, and one each involving the lung, kidney, mediastinum, pancreas, epiglottis, and thigh [14]. No neuroblastoma cases were present in the study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…In a 2005 study that included a review of the literature for such cases, Krous, Chadwick, and Isaacs found 63 such cases in infants and children up to age 3 years [14]. The most common primary tumor sites were the heart and the brain, with a majority occurring in the heart (46 of 63), followed by the brain (9 of 63) [14]. Other locations included two bone marrow (leukemia) cases, and one each involving the lung, kidney, mediastinum, pancreas, epiglottis, and thigh [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Sudden death due to adrenal neuroblastoma: child abuse mimic?

Park

Prahlow

2010

Forensic Sci Med Pathol

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Neuroblastoma is one of the most common malignancies in children. It is a tumor that can clinically present with varied symptoms that can mimic other entities, including child abuse. It is important that forensic pathologists are aware of the diseases that can masquerade as child abuse. A case of sudden, unexpected death in a 2-year-old due to previously undiagnosed neuroblastoma is presented. At initial presentation of the child in the emergency department, child abuse was considered as a possible explanation for the sudden demise. Death occurred before a full clinical workup could be completed and an autopsy was performed which unveiled the cause of death.

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“…Other histopathological types, teratoma, myxoma, and hemangioma, occur much less frequently. 1,3,[8][9][10][11] Primary cardiac angiomyoma in infancy has not been previously reported. Another extremely rare PCT in infancy, also not listed in classifications, is primary cardiac leiomyoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Giant heart tumors in infants leading to sudden, unexpected death: Description of two cases

Czuba¹,

Śmigiel²,

Maksymowicz³

et al. 2011

Pediatrics International

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Key words angiomyoma, fibroma, heart tumor, primary cardiac tumor, infant sudden cardiac death.Primary cardiac tumors (PCT) are extremely rare in the pediatric population, with an incidence of 0.0017-0.027%. 1 More than half are diagnosed within the first year of life. 1,2 The vast majority of these tumors are benign, however some of them manifest the potential for malignant arrhythmias, which can lead to sudden cardiac death. 1 The types of heart tumors encountered in infants and children are different from those seen in adults. The most common intracardiac tumor (PCT) in pediatrics is rhabdomyoma (45%) and in adults it is myxoma. 1,3 The clinical signs and symptoms depend especially on the size and location, rather than the tumor type. 2,3 The clinical manifestations of PCT vary from asymptomatic presentations (despite enormous size) to lifethreatening cardiac events. 3 Unfortunately, they are often missed until autopsy.We report two cases of sudden infant death, both caused by a primary cardiac tumor and both diagnosed postmortem. Case report 1A 12-month-old, previously healthy male infant died suddenly and unexpectedly, collapsing on the floor during play. His mother noticed convulsions, evidence of cyanosis, and breathing difficulties. The child quickly lost consciousness and suffered a cardiac arrest. The attempted resuscitation carried out by the mother, and then by an ambulance team, failed. The doctor observed significant anisocoria but could not determine the cause of death. Apart from sporadic infections of the upper respiratory tract, the child had not been ill. The parents had not observed anything worrying in his development or behavior. The complete medical documentation, including prenatal history, and somatic and psychomotor development, shows that the proband was the first child of the 22-year-old mother, from her first pregnancy, which developed normally and ended in the 39th week in spontaneous delivery. At birth the child weighed 4100 g, measured 57 cm, and was in good general condition, with an Apgar score of 10 in the first and subsequent minutes. After birth, apart from jaundice between the 3rd and 5th days with the maximum bilirubin concentration of 248 mmol/L, no abnormalities were observed. At that time, the infant underwent abdominal ultrasonography, which did not detect any abnormalities. Auscultation demonstrated normal heart sounds without any pathological murmurs. In subsequent months of the infant's life only typical preventive physical examinations were conducted, which did not demonstrate any irregularities. Autopsy resultThe medicolegal autopsy did not reveal any injuries that could explain the cause of death. The anisocoria reported by the ambulance service doctor was not confirmed. Observed abnormalities included giant heart tumor and signs of circulatory insufficiency in the form of presence of a small amount of transudate in both pleural cavities and the abdominal cavity. The solid, oval lesion, measuring 60 ¥ 55 ¥ 60 mm, was located in the anterior and lateral myocardial w...

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Tumors Associated with Sudden Infant and Childhood Death

Cited by 16 publications

References 71 publications

Delayed death in sudden infant death syndrome: A San Diego SIDS/SUDC Research Project 15-year population-based report

Delayed death in sudden infant death syndrome: A San Diego SIDS/SUDC Research Project 15-year population-based report

Sudden death due to adrenal neuroblastoma: child abuse mimic?

Giant heart tumors in infants leading to sudden, unexpected death: Description of two cases

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