Tumor Site Immune Markers Associated with Risk for Subsequent Basal Cell Carcinomas

Abstract

BackgroundBasal cell carcinoma (BCC) tumors are the most common skin cancer and are highly immunogenic.ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to assess how immune-cell related gene expression in an initial BCC tumor biopsy was related to the appearance of subsequent BCC tumors.Materials and MethodsLevels of mRNA for CD3ε (a T-cell receptor marker), CD25 (the alpha chain of the interleukin (IL)-2 receptor expressed on activated T-cells and B-cells), CD68 (a marker for monocytes/macrophages), the cell surface glycoprotein intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), the cytokine interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 were measured in BCC tumor biopsies from 138 patients using real-time PCR.ResultsThe median follow-up was 26.6 months, and 61% of subjects were free of new BCCs two years post-initial biopsy. Patients with low CD3ε CD25, CD68, and ICAM-1 mRNA levels had significantly shorter times before new tumors were detected (p = 0.03, p = 0.02, p = 0.003, and p = 0.08, respectively). Furthermore, older age diminished the association of mRNA levels with the appearance of subsequent tumors.ConclusionsOur results show that levels of CD3ε, CD25, CD68, and ICAM-1 mRNA in BCC biopsies may predict risk for new BCC tumors.

Gender specific association of child abuse and adult cardiovascular disease in a sample of patients with Basal Cell Carcinoma

“…A total of 116 participants (see Table 1 for sample description) were included in the present investigation and were taken from a larger study of Basal Cell Carcinoma (Fagundes, Glaser, et al, 2012; Glaser et al, 2011). For this study a total of 1,215 persons were invited to participate, 577 were deemed ineligible to participate as they did not meet the inclusion criteria.…”

Expression of IL-23/Th17-related cytokines in basal cell carcinoma and in the response to medical treatments

“…There is good evidence that BCC is an immunogenic tumor [ 5 ] The intra- and peritumoral inflammatory infiltrate of the BCC microenvironment is characterized by a strong predominance of T lymphocytes, mainly CD4+ T-helper (Th) cells and CD4+/CD25+/FoxP3+ T regulatory (regs) cells, with a variable number of CD8+ T cytotoxic/suppressor (Tc) cells, Langerhans cells, natural killer (NK) cells and immature dendritic cells (DC) [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Few studies investigated the role of infiltrating T lymphocytes and pro-inflammatory cytokines secreted in the BCC microenvironment, and it is still unclear whether the inflammatory reaction promotes tumor growth or exerts anti-tumor activity [ 6 , 8 , 10 ].…”

“…Few studies investigated the role of infiltrating T lymphocytes and pro-inflammatory cytokines secreted in the BCC microenvironment, and it is still unclear whether the inflammatory reaction promotes tumor growth or exerts anti-tumor activity [ 6 , 8 , 10 ]. Both an increased expression of interferon-(IFN) associated genes inducing a Th1 response and local production of cytokines which favor a Th2 environment have been described in BCC [ 5 , 6 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Interestingly, high levels of IFN-γ were observed in regressing BCC, indicating an enhanced antitumor Th1 immune response [ 6 , 11 ].…”

O Mosaico Inflamatório nos Subtipos de Carcinoma Basocelular

“…o subtipo morfea mostrou infiltrado rico em mastócitos e células tumorais em proliferação. essa variação da quantidade de células do infiltrado, já demonstrada em estudo anterior 18 , pode ocorrer devido ao microambiente tecidual gerado por cada subtipo de tumor, o que poderia regular as características do infiltrado inflamatório peritumoral, cooptar moléculas sinalizadoras e, consequentemente, interferir na qualidade da resposta imunológica antitumor e no crescimento e metástase tumoral. os linfócitos t corresponderam à maior população celular do infiltrado inflamatório em zona peritumoral de cBc, diferindo estatisticamente do número de linfócitos B, como também indica estudo anterior 19 .…”

“…o protocolo experimental incluiu a classificação (He) 10 em sete subtipos histológicos: nodular 10, infiltrativo (20), superficial (18), adenoide (10), folicular (3), cístico (4) e morfea (6), totalizando 71 blocos de parafina de biópsias, que seriam descartadas, de pacientes com cBc não recidivante do instituto de Patologia cutânea de salvador, Bahia. secções (5µm), obtidas após microtomia mecânica, foram coradas em azul de toluidina para evidenciar os mastócitos que apresentavam metacromasia.…”