Tumor Microenvironment Stimuli‐Responsive Fluorescence Imaging and Synergistic Cancer Therapy by Carbon‐Dot–Cu<sup>2+</sup> Nanoassemblies

Jin

et al. 2021

Advanced Science

Metal‐coordinated supramolecular nanoassemblies have recently attracted extensive attention as materials for cancer theranostics. Owing to their unique physicochemical properties, metal‐coordinated supramolecular self‐assemblies can bridge the boundary between traditional inorganic and organic materials. By tailoring the structural components of the metal ions and binding ligands, numerous multifunctional theranostic nanomedicines can be constructed. Metal‐coordinated supramolecular nanoassemblies can modulate the tumor microenvironment (TME), thus facilitating the development of TME‐responsive nanomedicines. More importantly, TME‐responsive organic–inorganic hybrid nanomaterials can be constructed in vivo by exploiting the metal‐coordinated self‐assembly of a variety of functional ligands, which is a promising strategy for enhancing the tumor accumulation of theranostic molecules. In this review, recent advancements in the design and fabrication of metal‐coordinated supramolecular nanomedicines for cancer theranostics are highlighted. These supramolecular compounds are classified according to the order in which the coordinated metal ions appear in the periodic table. Furthermore, the prospects and challenges of metal‐coordinated supramolecular self‐assemblies for both technical advances and clinical translation are discussed. In particular, the superiority of TME‐responsive nanomedicines for in vivo coordinated self‐assembly is elaborated, with an emphasis on strategies that enhance the accumulation of functional components in tumors for an ideal theranostic outcome.

Section: Metal‐coordinated Supramolecular Self‐assemblies For Cancer Theranosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal‐Coordinated Supramolecular Self‐Assemblies for Cancer Theranostics

Jin

et al. 2021

Advanced Science

“…Especially, the reaction rate of Cu + (1 × 10 4 M −1 s −1 ) is found to be much higher than that of Fe 2+ (63–76 M −1 s −1 ), promoting the generation of ˙OH 19,20 . In addition, the antioxidant glutathione (GSH), which is overexpressed in TME (up to 10 mM), can be depleted during the Cu 2+ /Cu + conversion process 21,22 . This is beneficial for the amplifying of ˙OH‐induced oxidative stress, achieving enhanced therapeutic efficacy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19,20 In addition, the antioxidant glutathione (GSH), which is overexpressed in TME (up to 10 mM), can be depleted during the Cu 2+ /Cu + conversion process. 21,22 This is beneficial for the amplifying of˙OH-induced oxidative stress, achieving enhanced therapeutic efficacy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

PEGylated copper(II)‐chelated polydopamine nanocomposites for photothermal‐enhanced chemodynamic therapy against tumor cells

Zhang

J of Applied Polymer Sci

et al. 2021

Photothermal-enhanced chemodynamic therapy is a novel and promising strategy for effective tumor treatment. Herein, a kind of polydopamine (PDA)based nanoplatform is reported for photothermal-enhanced chemodynamic therapy against tumor cells. PDA nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared through the self-polymerization method, which were subsequently chelated with Cu 2+ and linked with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chains, finally obtaining PDA-Cu (II)-PEG NPs. The fabricated PDA-Cu(II)-PEG NPs were uniform in shape with a narrow polydispersity. They can firstly react with glutathione (GSH) to generate Cu + , inducing GSH depletion meanwhile. The formed Cu + could catalyze

“…Meanwhile, the combining PDT with other therapeutic approaches, such as chemotherapy or photothermal therapy, may make up for the drawbacks of PDT. [12][13][14] Chemotherapy is a widely used cancer treatment in the clinic. Traditional chemotherapy is always suffering from severe side toxicity due to the off-targeted anticancer drugs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meanwhile, the combining PDT with other therapeutic approaches, such as chemotherapy or photothermal therapy, may make up for the drawbacks of PDT. [ 12–14 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound‐Triggered In Situ Gelation to Overcome Tumor Hypoxia for Enhanced Photodynamic and Sustained Chemotherapy

Zhu

Yang

et al. 2021

Advanced Therapeutics

The combination of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and chemotherapy (CT) has promising potential for cancer treatment in overcoming drug resistance and subsequently enhancing the therapeutic efficiency. However, the tumor hypoxia and premature release of drugs as well as off-targeting of the established nanocarrier are still the major challenges. Herein, an ultrasound (US)-triggered in situ hydrogel system is designed to overcome tumor hypoxia and combine PDT and CT (AIPH/PEGDA/DOX/CAT-Ce6). After ultrasonic treatment, the 2,2′-azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane] dihydrochloride (AIPH) will decompose and release a large amount of alkyl radicals, which can activate the crosslink reaction of poly(ethylene glycol) double acrylate (PEGDA) through the amide bond to form the hydrogel structure. This system can achieve the long-term immobilization of CAT-Ce6 and doxorubicin (DOX) at tumor site. Owing to the long-term retention of the hydrogel, the tumor hypoxia can be persistently relieved under the action of CAT and the effect of PDT can be greatly enhanced. Meanwhile, the sustained release of DOX from the hydrogel can achieve the long-term chemotherapy. In vivo experiment demonstrates that the combination of repeatable PDT and sustained chemotherapy based on US-triggered hydrogel system shows a synergistic effect in antitumor therapy without obvious side-effect.