Tuberoinfundibular Dopaminergic Function in Parkinson’s Disease

Franceschi, M.; Camerlingo, M.; Perego, L.; Bottacchi, E.; Truci, Giulio; Mamoli, A

doi:10.1159/000116245

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…A deficient activity of hypo thalamic dopaminergic neurons has been also suggested by in vivo studies performed to evaluate the regulation of PRL se cretion in PD. In these in vivo studies [11][12][13][14][15][16], circulating PRL levels were normal as in our study. However, PRL showed a supersensitivity to the inhibitory effect of dopamine or dopaminergic drugs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…However, PRL showed a supersensitivity to the inhibitory effect of dopamine or dopaminergic drugs. This was interpreted as an 'upregulation' at the D2 receptors on lactotroph cells, as homeostatic adjustment to chronically decreased dopamine release from the hypothalamus [12,14,16]. Therefore, in spite of normal circulating PRL levels, both biochemical and functional stud ies seem to suggest a reduced dopaminergic activity in the hy pothalamus of parkinsonian subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Altered Neuroendocrine Regulation of Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in Postmenopausal Women with Parkinson’s Disease

Cagnacci

Melis²,

Soldani³

et al. 1991

Neuroendocrinology

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The secretion of gonadotropins and the role exerted by the endogenous opioid system on luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion were investigated in 6 postmenopausal women affected by idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD) as well as in 6 age- and weight-matched normal postmenopausal women as controls. The mean plasma follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and LH levels were evaluated both under basal conditions and after 20 days of conjugated estrogen administration (1.25 mg/day). At the same time, the activity of the endogenous opioid system was evaluated, as well as the LH response to the 4-hour infusion of the opioid antagonist naloxone (1.6 mg i.v. bolus followed by 1.6 mg/h). Both before and during estrogen administration, plasma FSH levels were similar in the two groups of subjects, whereas plasma LH levels were significantly lower (p < 0.01) in parkinsonian than in control women. In each subject estrogen administration significantly blunted (p < 0.01) plasma FSH levels. Plasma LH levels were reduced only in controls (p < 0.05), but not in women with PD. In each subject, before estrogen administration, the plasma LH levels did not vary during naloxone infusion. In control women after 20 days of estrogen administration, the plasma LH levels significantly increased during naloxone infusion (p < 0.01). By contrast, in women with PD, conjugated estrogens failed to restore the LH response to naloxone. The present results suggest that the neurotransmitter mechanisms, which regulate LH secretion, are altered, and, in particular, the activity of the endogenous opioid system is deficient in women with PD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Neuroendocrine Regulation of Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in Postmenopausal Women with Parkinson’s Disease

Cagnacci

Melis²,

Soldani³

et al. 1991

Neuroendocrinology

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“…Interestingly, Parkinsonian patients usually reveal functional alterations in the hypothalamo-PRL axis. 5 Neurotrophic factors that prevent the degeneration and enhance the recovery of remaining DA neurons are of clinical interest. Among them, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is emerging as a powerful neuroprotective molecule, which is strongly induced in the CNS after different insults such as ischemia, 6 cortical injury 7,8 and injury of the spinal cord.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restorative effect of insulin-like growth factor-I gene therapy in the hypothalamus of senile rats with dopaminergic dysfunction

et al. 2006

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Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is emerging as a powerful neuroprotective molecule that is strongly induced in the central nervous system after different insults. We constructed a recombinant adenoviral vector (RAd-IGFI) harboring the gene for rat IGF-I and used it to implement IGF-I gene therapy in the hypothalamus of senile female rats, which display hypothalamic dopaminergic (DA) neurodegeneration and as a consequence, chronic hyperprolactinemia. Restorative IGF-I gene therapy was implemented in young (5 months) and senile (28 months) female rats, which received a single intrahypothalamic injection of 3 Â 10 9 plaque-forming units of RAd-bgal (a control adenoviral vector expressing b-galactosidase) or RAd-IGFI and were killed 17 days postinjection. In the young animals, neither vector modified serum prolactin levels, but in the RAd-IGFI-injected senile rats a nearly full reversion of their hyperprolactinemic status was recorded. Morphometric analysis revealed a significant increase in the total number of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells in the hypothalamus of experimental as compared with control senile animals (58747486 and 33907498, respectively). Our results indicate that IGF-I gene therapy in senile female rats is highly effective for restoring their hypothalamic DA dysfunction and thus reversing their chronic hyperprolactinemia.

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“…MSH should be regulated by the hypothalamic inhibiting factor MIF, a polypeptide, whose release is decreased when midbrain dopamine is low, as in the case of parkinsonism; thus, some authors believe that MSH acts as a neuro-regulatory hormone, but several reports suggest that the hypothalamicpituitary function is preserved in PD (Matzuk and Saper, 1985;Franceschi et al, 1988;Martignoni et al, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is seborrhea a sign of autonomic impairment in Parkinson's disease?

Martignoni

Godi

Pacchetti

et al. 1997

J. Neural Transmission

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An increase of sebum excretion rate (SER) is frequently observed in patients suffering from Parkinson's disease (PD). Some authors attribute it to the hyperactivity of the parasympathetic system, while others consider the possible action of androgens or of MSH-hormone. The aim of our study was to verify and quantify SER in 70 parkinsonian patients and compare it with SER in 60 normal subjects. We found higher values of SER in male subjects, both in normal and in parkinsonian patients. The highest rate of excretion was observed in parkinsonian males, in agreement with the possible main role of androgens or testosterone in sebum excretion, while the phenomenon did not appear to be related to abnormalities of the autonomic nervous system. The association of PD and sex hormones might therefore be crucial for the developing of seborrhea.

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Tuberoinfundibular Dopaminergic Function in Parkinson’s Disease

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

Altered Neuroendocrine Regulation of Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in Postmenopausal Women with Parkinson’s Disease

Altered Neuroendocrine Regulation of Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in Postmenopausal Women with Parkinson’s Disease

Restorative effect of insulin-like growth factor-I gene therapy in the hypothalamus of senile rats with dopaminergic dysfunction

Is seborrhea a sign of autonomic impairment in Parkinson's disease?

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