Tuberculosis, social determinants and co-morbidities (including HIV)

Duarte, Raquel; Lönnroth, Knut; Carvalho, Cláudia; Lima, Fátima; Carvalho, Anna Cristina Calçada; Muñoz-Torrico, Marcela; Centis, Rosella

doi:10.1016/j.rppnen.2017.11.003

Cited by 192 publications

(180 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The high frequency of tuberculosis related mortality associated with malnutrition, diabetes mellitus, alcoholism and smoking found in the present study are in accordance with reports in the scientific literature [16]. These findings reflect the role of emerging risk factors such as chronic diseases, socio-economic and behavioral aspects in increasing the unsuccessful TB treatment outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Social, demographic, health care and co-morbidity predictors of tuberculosis mortality in Amazonas, Brazil: a multiple cause of death approach

Sampaio

Silva

Castro

et al. 2019

Preprint

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OBJECTIVESTo estimate TB mortality rates, describe multiple causes in death certificates in which TB was reported and identify predictors of TB reporting in death certificates in the State of Amazonas, Brazil, based on a multiple cause of death approach.METHODSDeath records of residents in AM within 2006-2014 were classified based on tuberculosis reporting in the death certificate as tuberculosis not reported (TBNoR), reported as the underlying cause of death (TBUC) and as an associate cause of death (TBAC). Age standardized annual mortality rates for TBUC, TBAC and with TB reported (TBUC plus TBAC) were estimated for the State of Amazonas, using the direct standardization method and WHO 2000-2025 standard population. Mortality odds ratios (OR) of reporting TBUC and TBAC were estimated using multinomial logistic regression.RESULTSAge standardized annual TBUC and TBAC mortality rates ranged, between 5.9-7.8/105 and 2.7-4.0/105, respectively. TBUC was associated with residence in the State capital (OR=0.66), female sex (OR=0.87), education level (OR=0.67 and 0.50 for 8 to 11 and 12 or more school years), non-white race/skin colour (OR=1.38) and occurrence of death in the State capital (OR=1.69). TBAC was related to time (OR=1.21 and 1.22 for years 2009-11 and 2012-14), age (OR=36.1 and 16.5 for ages 15-39 and 40-64 years) and when death occurred in the State capital (OR=5.8).CONCLUSIONTBUC was predominantly associated with indicators of unfavorable socioeconomic conditions and health care access constraints, whereas TBAC was mainly related to ages typical of high HIV disease incidence.Conflicts of interestNone.FundingFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas - FAPEAM

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…These findings reflect the role of emerging risk factors such as chronic diseases, socio-economic and behavioral aspects in increasing the unsuccessful TB treatment outcomes. Knowledge of these causes is important in guiding control and preventing tuberculosis-related death [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social, demographic, health care and co-morbidity predictors of tuberculosis mortality in Amazonas, Brazil: a multiple cause of death approach

Sampaio

Silva

Castro

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…Taking anti-TB medications for at least 6 months is another determinant factor for successful treatment of TB, which supports the present findings (23). Most patients with TB-HIV are cured with a standard 6-month treatment regimen (8).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Migration is a risk factor for TB, especially for migrants from high-TB burden countries. Immigrants tend to have a higher risk for defaulting treatment, which further contributes towards unsuccessful TB treatment outcome (23). The WHO has emphasised efforts to control TB in order to assist governments worldwide in terms of policies for migrants by preventing HIV/AIDS among migrants, as they are a vulnerable group (26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

 Tuberculosis Treatment Outcome In Patients With Tb-Hiv Co-Infection In Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Selimin

Ismail²,

Ahmad

et al. 2019

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Background Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious health threat to people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This study aimed to identify the characteristics, unsuccessful TB treatment rate and determinants of unsuccessful TB treatment outcome among patients with TB-HIV co-infection in Kuala Lumpur.Methods This was a cross-sectional study. The data of all patients with TB-HIV in the federal territory of Kuala Lumpur from 2013 to 2017 were collected and reviewed. The data were retrieved from the national database (TB Information System) at the Kuala Lumpur Health Department from 1 March 2018 to 31 May 2018.Results Out of 235 randomly selected patients with TB-HIV, TB treatment outcome was successful in 57.9% (cured and completed treatment) and unsuccessful in 42.1% (died, failed or defaulted treatment). Patients who did not receive DOTS (directly observed treatment, short course) (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 21.71; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.36–87.94) and those who received shorter treatment duration of <6 months (aOR 34.54; 95% CI: 5.97–199.93) had higher odds for unsuccessful TB treatment outcome.Conclusions Nearly half of the patients with TB-HIV had unsuccessful TB treatment outcome. Therefore, it is important to ensure that such patients receive DOTS and continuous TB treatment of >6 months. It is crucial to strengthen and widen the coverage of DOTS, especially among high-risk groups, in healthcare settings. Strict follow-up by healthcare providers is needed for patients with TB-HIV to gain treatment adherence and for better rates of successful TB treatment.

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“…The knowledge of the TB determinants is essential, mainly in low and middle income countries, which present an epidemiological transition, in which infectious diseases represent the main causes of deaths. 20 With regard to the main findings of the studies that joined the current review, it found that, in most, the approach is multifactorial. Thus, gender, age and certain conditions such as occupation, education, income, among others, are variable used in the interpretation of the high incidence of TB in the less favored social groups, and considered as their inherent attributes, which limits the understanding of the disease causality, by generating restricted and focused interventions, which reduce the perspectives for its control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The incidence of tuberculosis and its relation to social inequalities: Integrative Review Study on PubMed Base

et al. 2020

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Objective: to identify how the literature presents the relation between tuberculosis and social inequalities. Method: integrative review in which the combination of the descriptors “tuberculosis” and “social iniquity” guided the search for articles available in PubMed. A total of 274 articles were identified, and after reading the title and abstract, 13 studies were selected. The empirical material was analyzed according to the hermeneutics, highlighting the variables related to social inequalities, seeking to understand the main themes that embody the association between tuberculosis and social inequalities. Results: In general, the literature presents the social inequalities as factors that can interfere in the cure and/or control of the disease, such as age, income, unemployment, unskilled labor, access to health services, among others. Therefore, it does not include a deeper relationship between the organization of society and the production of the disease. Conclusion and implications for practice: A comprehensive understanding of tuberculosis disease is required, in order to expand interventions to support the control and elimination of the disease and, above all, the reduction of social inequalities. The understanding of tuberculosis as a disease enables expanding strategies to face it.

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Tuberculosis, social determinants and co-morbidities (including HIV)

Cited by 192 publications

References 41 publications

Social, demographic, health care and co-morbidity predictors of tuberculosis mortality in Amazonas, Brazil: a multiple cause of death approach

Social, demographic, health care and co-morbidity predictors of tuberculosis mortality in Amazonas, Brazil: a multiple cause of death approach

Tuberculosis Treatment Outcome In Patients With Tb-Hiv Co-Infection In Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

The incidence of tuberculosis and its relation to social inequalities: Integrative Review Study on PubMed Base

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Tuberculosis, social determinants and co-morbidities (including HIV)

Cited by 192 publications

References 41 publications

Social, demographic, health care and co-morbidity predictors of tuberculosis mortality in Amazonas, Brazil: a multiple cause of death approach

Social, demographic, health care and co-morbidity predictors of tuberculosis mortality in Amazonas, Brazil: a multiple cause of death approach

&nbsp;Tuberculosis Treatment Outcome In Patients With Tb-Hiv Co-Infection In Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

The incidence of tuberculosis and its relation to social inequalities: Integrative Review Study on PubMed Base

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Tuberculosis Treatment Outcome In Patients With Tb-Hiv Co-Infection In Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia