Tuberculosis in children in Russia

Нечаева, О. Б.

doi:10.21292/2075-1230-2020-98-11-12-20

Cited by 25 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The majority of strains from the Russian cohort (63.6%) and 19.7% of the Chinese cohort were phenotypically MDR. These values are greater than the reported rates of MDR-TB in the pediatric populations in the studied countries [ 3 , 48 , 49 ]. The same was true for pre-XDR resistance (13.3% of Russian and 3.6% of Chinese isolates).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

“…In Russia, despite the overall decline in TB incidence, the proportion of primary MDR-TB is increasing (from 9.5% in 2005 to 34.2% in 2019), which indicates the active transmission of MDR strains in the population, including children [ 42 , 43 ]. The MDR rate in children with TB increased four times and reached 45.8% in 2019 [ 3 ]. In contrast, in China, according to WHO estimates, the MDR-TB rate among new cases was 5.7% (4.5–7.0%) [ 44 ], with a rising trend between 2012 and 2018 [ 45 , 46 ], while the prevalence of MDR-TB in childhood TB was stable, at 5.6% in 2008 to 2018 [ 47 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of MDR-TB in Russia suggests that epidemic transmission, primarily from adults to children, plays an important role in pediatric MDR-TB in this country. The TB incidence in children (zero tofourteen years) decreased two-fold from 16.4 in 2006 to 7.7 in 2019, per 100,000 children, due to the overall improvement of TB care and control in Russia, but the proportion of children with MDR-TB increased (2005—10.0%; 2019—45.8%), similar to the situation in the general adult population [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insight into Population Structure and Drug Resistance of Pediatric Tuberculosis Strains from China and Russia Gained through Whole-Genome Sequencing

Жданова

Jiao

Sinkov

et al. 2023

IJMS

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This study aimed to determine phenotypic and genotypic drug resistance patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains from children with tuberculosis (TB) in China and Russia, two high-burden countries for multi/extensively-drug resistant (MDR/XDR) TB. Whole-genome sequencing data of M. tuberculosis isolates from China (n = 137) and Russia (n = 60) were analyzed for phylogenetic markers and drug-resistance mutations, followed by comparison with phenotypic susceptibility data. The Beijing genotype was detected in 126 Chinese and 50 Russian isolates. The Euro-American lineage was detected in 10 Russian and 11 Chinese isolates. In the Russian collection, the Beijing genotype and Beijing B0/W148-cluster were dominated by MDR strains (68% and 94%, respectively). Ninety percent of B0/W148 strains were phenotypically pre-XDR. In the Chinese collection, neither of the Beijing sublineages was associated with MDR/pre-XDR status. MDR was mostly caused by low fitness cost mutations (rpoB S450L, katG S315T, rpsL K43R). Chinese rifampicin-resistant strains demonstrated a higher diversity of resistance mutations than Russian isolates (p = 0.003). The rifampicin and isoniazid resistance compensatory mutations were detected in some MDR strains, but they were not widespread. The molecular mechanisms of M. tuberculosis adaptation to anti-TB treatment are not unique to the pediatric strains, but they reflect the general situation with TB in Russia and China.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insight into Population Structure and Drug Resistance of Pediatric Tuberculosis Strains from China and Russia Gained through Whole-Genome Sequencing

Жданова

Jiao

Sinkov

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…TB incidence is unequally distributed across the country, and the Siberian Federal District is characterized by a high prevalence of TB infection, morbidity, and mortality [ 25 ]. The TB/HIV prevalence in 2019 in Siberia was the highest among Russian Federal Districts (46.4/100,000) and 2.3 higher than the national average ( Figure 1 ) [ 26 ]. The Omsk region has a population of 1.85 million people and it is the 6th most populated region in Siberia and 28th most populated in Russia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Drug Resistance Patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in High-Burden Area in Western Siberia, Russia

Kostyukova¹,

Pasechnik

Mokrousov

2023

Microorganisms

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Russia is a high-burden area for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Here, we studied the epidemiological situation and drug resistance patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the Omsk region in Western Siberia. M. tuberculosis isolates (n = 851) were recovered from newly diagnosed TB patients in 2021. The isolates were tested by bacteriological and molecular methods, and long-term epidemiological data were analyzed. The TB incidence dec, this is not variablereased from 93.9 in 2012 to 48.1 in 2021, per 100,000 population, but the primary MDR-TB rate increased from 19.2% to 26.4%. The destructive forms of tuberculosis accounted for 37.8% of all cases, while 35.5% of patients were smear-positive. Of all isolates tested, 55.2% were culture-positive, of which 94.5% were further tested for phenotypic drug resistance and associated mutations. More than half (53.4%) of isolates were drug-resistant, 13.9% were monoresistant and 67.9% were MDR. Among MDR isolates, 40.4% were pre-XDR, and 19.2% were XDR. The spectrum of drug resistance included second-line drugs (new-generation fluoroquinolones, linezolid), which significantly increase the risk of an adverse outcome in patients. In conclusion, our results highlight the critical importance of monitoring drug resistance in circulating M. tuberculosis strains emerging due to ineffective treatment and active transmission.

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“…Serious problem became the tuberculosis with multi drug resistance. However, in global scale number of patients with tuberculosis falls approximately on 2% per annum [1]. Latent tuberculosis infection (LTI) is a state of persistent immune response to stimulation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens without evidence of clinically manifested active TB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latent Tuberculous Infection: Influence on Patient’s Quality of Life

Adjablaeva¹

2021

Molecular Epidemiology Study of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex

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Latent tuberculosis infection is an asymptomatic condition in which patients carry the bacteria, but do not show any sign of illness, however they are at risk of disease activation at any time in the future. Understanding of influence of latent tuberculosis infection on the physical and mental well-being of these patients is important as successful strategies to reduce the tuberculosis burden globally. Our purpose is to explore patients during diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection, measure their quality of life. Materials and methods: during 2017–2019 was examined 100 children 4–7 years age. Children were divided in 3 groups. First group (n = 40) - a children with LTI. Group of the comparison (n = 40) has comprised preschool age children with tuberculosis. Group of the checking (n = 20) have constituted the preschool age healthy children. Estimation of children health was conducted by analysis health factors: social, genetic, biological. In addition were studied criteria of health. It was used study anamnestic data, questioning, estimation quality of life, anthropometry, data of objective examination, laboratory data and parameters of functioning, electrocardiography, vegetative nervous system spectrography (VNS-spectrography), manual ergometry. Physical development valued with the help of specialized tables. Leukocyte intoxication index is calculated on formula Shemitova V.F. Variety heart rhythm (VHR) was studied by method VNS-spectrography on vegetotester “VNS-Micro” with computer program “Polispectr” of company “Neyrosoft”. Interpretation source vegetative tone and vegetative reactivity was realized according to recommendation N.A. Belokon. Vegetative provision of activity was valued on tolerance to steady-state load by method manual ergometry (MEM) in help of manual dynamometer. Quality of life was defined with the help of questionnaire PedsQL version 4.0 (the Russian version). Results and their discussion: in children with active tuberculosis, specific process has a most negative influence upon quality of life, comparatively temporary negative influence has LTI. Revealed changes in general have brought to reduction of QL indicators both in first and second group. With provision of latency currents of infecting with mycobacteria of tuberculosis, indicators of quality of life should be considered as one of defining, reflecting psychological component adaptation of child, and can be recommended to enter in program of examination and dispensary observation of children with LTI. Conclusions: our study has shown that preschool age children with LTI have rather significant deflections of health condition, revealing by symptoms of intoxication, expressed breaches adaptation and regulation mechanisms. Results of study have logistical confirmed need of improvement of the preventive maintenance and dispensary observation at children with LTI and active participation in its base of the interdepartmental approach. All of this allows newly taking a look at problem of the latent tuberculous infection at preschool age children and role general practitioner in preventive maintenance of the development such dangerous diseases as tuberculosis.

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Tuberculosis in children in Russia

Cited by 25 publications

References 4 publications

Insight into Population Structure and Drug Resistance of Pediatric Tuberculosis Strains from China and Russia Gained through Whole-Genome Sequencing

Insight into Population Structure and Drug Resistance of Pediatric Tuberculosis Strains from China and Russia Gained through Whole-Genome Sequencing

Epidemiology and Drug Resistance Patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in High-Burden Area in Western Siberia, Russia

Latent Tuberculous Infection: Influence on Patient’s Quality of Life

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