Tuberculosis and myelofibrosis in children: a report

Abstract

Seven children, six boys and a girl, aged from 2 to 15 years with proven myelofibrosis are reported. The clinical presentation in each of them was more or less similar with weight loss, moderate or low-grade fever, and abdominal distension with pain or discomfort for some months. They had hepatosplenomegaly. The spleens, enlarged to more than 6 cm below the costal margin, were smooth, firm and not tender. There was a variable degree of generalized lymphadenopathy. They were diagnosed as myelofibrosis associated with tuberculosis. The clinical response to anti-tuberculous chemotherapy was remarkable. Extensive search should be made for evidence of tuberculosis in children presenting with myelofibrosis.

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for infants with idiopathic myelofibrosis

“…Furthermore, myelofibrosis has been associated with congenital anomalies and chromosomal abnormalities . Some cases of pediatric myelofibrosis have been described in association with secondary conditions such as vitamin D‐dependent rickets, renal failure, trisomy 21, collagen vascular disease, osteopetrosis, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, acute leukemias, especially acute megakaryoblastic leukemia, solid tumors, parathyroid disorders, and infectious diseases such as tuberculosis and leishmaniasis .…”

Congenital macrothrombocytopenia with focal myelofibrosis due to mutations in human G6b-B is rescued in humanized mice

“…1 Other causes include acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 2 Hodgkin lymphoma, 3 severe vitamin D or C deficiency, [4][5][6] renal osteodystrophy, 7 osteopetrosis, hyperparathyroidism, 8 autoimmunity, [9][10][11] and tuberculosis. 12 The clinical, histologic and molecular features of pediatric myelofibrosis differ from primary myelofibrosis (PMF) in adults, which is typically due to somatic gain-of-function mutations in tyrosine kinase (TK) signaling pathways, including JAK2 V617F (50%), MPL W515K/L (5% to 10%) or CALR (35%) 13,14 ; TK mutations are not typically present in pediatric myelofibrosis, particularly not in young children. 1,15,16 Children with myelofibrosis have a heterogeneous phenotype with variable outcomes.…”

Tuberculosis and Tumor Lysis Syndrome—Coincidence or Coexistent: A Case Report

“…Among the non hematopoietic diseases which cause or occur concomitantly with myelofibrosis, TB shows a frequent association, suggesting a possible relationship between the two entities. Myelofibrosis is rare in children, 8 and fewer than 100 cases of pediatric myelofibrosis have been reported worldwide. In our case, bone marrow biopsy revealed significant fibrosis with preserved cellularity, but we could neither demonstrate granulomas in the bone marrow biopsy sample nor smear positivity in the aspirate.…”