Tuber spp.

Delmas, J.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-168050-3.50036-0

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…is an ascomycete endemic to calcareous soils in southern Europe and is found in symbiotic association with roots of deciduous trees, mostly oaks ( Quercus spp.) and hazelnut trees ( Corylus avellana ) (Delmas, 1978). The fruiting body of T. melanosporum is an edible truffle (= hypogeous ascocarp), which is highly appreciated for its delicate organoleptic properties (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymorphism at the ribosomal DNA ITS and its relation to postglacial re‐colonization routes of the Perigord truffle Tuber melanosporum

et al. 2004

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Summary• Glaciations and postglacial migrations are major factors responsible for the present patterns of genetic variation we see in natural populations in Europe. For ectomycorrhizal fungi, escape from refugia can only follow range expansion by their specific hosts.• To infer phylogeographic relationships within Tuber melanosporum , sequences of internal transcribed spacers (ITS) and the 5.8S coding region of the ribosomal DNA repeat were obtained for 188 individuals sampled over the entire distribution of this species in France, and in north-western Italy and north-eastern Spain.• Ten distinct ITS haplotypes were distinguished, mapped and treated using F -and N ST -statistics and nested clade (NCA) analyses. They showed a significant genetic differentiation between regional populations. NCA revealed a geographical association of ITS haplotypes, an old fragmentation into two major groups of populations, which likely colonized regions on different sides of the French Central Massif.• This re-colonization pattern is reminiscent of the one observed for host trees of the Perigord truffle, such as oaks and hazelnut trees. This suggests that host postglacial expansion was one of the major factors that shaped the mycobiont population structure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymorphism at the ribosomal DNA ITS and its relation to postglacial re‐colonization routes of the Perigord truffle Tuber melanosporum

et al. 2004

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“…is an hypogeous ascomycete endemic to Mediterranean calcareous soils in southern Europe which is found in symbiotic association with roots of deciduous trees, mostly oaks (Quercus spp.) and hazelnut trees (Corylus avellana L.) (Delmas, 1978;Olivier et al, 2002).Black truffle is a first-class product, the production of which is clearly standstill after the sudden fall in the middle of 20 th century. In the f irst half of this …”

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Ectomycorrhizal status of a mature productive black truffle plantation

Águeda¹,

Fernández-Toirán²,

Miguel³

et al. 2010

For. syst.

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The black truffle (Tuber melanosporum Vittad.) is an hypogeous ascomycete endemic to Mediterranean calcareous soils in southern Europe which is found in symbiotic association with roots of deciduous trees, mostly oaks (Quercus spp.) and hazelnut trees (Corylus avellana L.) (Delmas, 1978;Olivier et al., 2002).Black truffle is a first-class product, the production of which is clearly standstill after the sudden fall in the middle of 20 th century. In the f irst half of this AbstractThe truffle-plantation «Los Quejigares» was planted in 1971 by AROTZ-CATESA company. It is a 600 ha plot of Quercus ilex mycorrhizated with Tuber melanosporum at 1,250 m a.s.l. on calcareous soil. This plantation is the largest of the world and one of the eldest truffle-plantations of Spain and it is in full production. Knowledge of the mycorrhizal status of a mature black truffle plantation is significant for the improvement of truffle cultivation. Ectomycorrhizae were studied for knowing T. melanosporum persistence and diversity and abundance of other ectomycorrhizal types. Roots of 16 holmoaks were sampled, 12 trees produce truffle sporocarps and four did not. It was found a mean of about 35% of T. melanosporum ectomycorrhizae in the studied trees, being this significantly higher in the productive trees. Also, 105 more different ectomycorrhizal types were found. In spite of the high number of morphotypes found, it seems that they do not replace T. melanosporum, showing that there is a coexistence between species in the fungal community associated to the roots.Key words: AROTZ-CATESA company, characterization of ectomycorrhizae, fungal diversity, Quercus ilex, Tuber melanosporum, truffle plantations. ResumenComunidad de ectomicorrizas en una plantación adulta productora de trufa negra La plantación trufera «Los Quejigares» fue establecida en 1971 por la empresa AROTZ-CATESA. Es una parcela de 600 ha de plantas de Quercus ilex micorrizadas con Tuber melanosporum, que está situada a 1.250 m de altitud sobre suelo calizo. Esta plantación es la más grande del mundo, además de una de las más antiguas de España, y se encuentra en plena producción de trufa negra. El conocimiento del estado micorrícico de las plantaciones truferas maduras es importante para mejorar las técnicas aplicadas en la truficultura. El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer la persistencia de T. melanosporum y la diversidad y abundancia de otras ectomicorrizas que conviven con esta especie. Se muestrearon las raíces de 16 encinas, de las que 12 producían carpóforos de trufa y cuatro no. El porcentaje medio de micorrización por T. melanosporum en los árboles estudiados fue del 35%, éste porcentaje fue significativamente más alto en los árboles productores. Además, se encontraron 105 tipos de ectomicorrizas. A pesar del alto número de morfotipos encontrados, parece que éstos no producen el desplazamiento de T. melanosporum, mostrando que es posible la coexistencia entre diferentes especies pertenecientes a la comunidad de hongos asociadas a las raíces de los árboles.Palab...

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“…After 1 year, infected C. incanus ssp. incanus seedlings were planted out in an experimental plot; 2 years later they had grown in height to 40 cnn and were surrounded by circular characteristic ' burnt' areas which normally precede truffle fructifications (Delmas, 1978). In fact one peculiar feature of T. melanosporutn biology is that, when its mycelium develops in the soil to form mycorrhizas and sporocarps, almost all the herbaceous vegetation around the mycorrhizal plant dies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MYCORRHIZAL SYNTHESIS BETWEEN CISTACEAE AND TUBERACEAE

Giovannetti

Fontana

1982

New Phytologist

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SUMMARYCistus incanus ssp. incanus was tested with six Tuber species to prove its ectomycorrhizal development; the sanne was done with Tuber melanosporutn and five Cistus speeies. Cistus incanus L. ssp. incanus formed eetomycorrhizas with Tuber albidum Pico, T. brumale Vitt., T. aestivum Vitt. and T. rufum Pico. The five Cistus species {Cistus albidus L., C Iciurifolius L., C salvifolius L., C crispus L. and C. monspeliensis L.) developed ectomycorrhizas with Tuber melanosporutn

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Tuber spp.

Cited by 11 publications

References 1 publication

Polymorphism at the ribosomal DNA ITS and its relation to postglacial re‐colonization routes of the Perigord truffle Tuber melanosporum

Polymorphism at the ribosomal DNA ITS and its relation to postglacial re‐colonization routes of the Perigord truffle Tuber melanosporum

Ectomycorrhizal status of a mature productive black truffle plantation

MYCORRHIZAL SYNTHESIS BETWEEN CISTACEAE AND TUBERACEAE

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