TSensors Vision, Infrastructure and Security Challenges in Trillion Sensor Era

Abstract

With the advancement of ubiquitous computing under the hood of Internet of Things (IoT) and Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), the number of connected devices is expected to grow exponentially in the following decade. Pervasive sensing is the backbone of any IoT/CPS application. Billions of connected devices each having multiple sensors will lead us to the age of trillion sensors. Widespread use of sensors in critical applications (e.g., smart grid, agricultural industry, food production, etc.) will present us with unique challenges. Identifying the threats well before they occur will be the key in the race against the threats posed by the adversaries in the age of trillion sensors (TSensors). In this paper, we present a detailed survey of the trends toward trillion sensors, and their applicability in recent connected applications. We identify several key areas, that need to be addressed to build a secure connected environment. There are several challenges and limitations as well which are expected to rise in the coming decade. We must be proactive in addressing those challenges to make a safe and secure environment.

A Raise of Security Concern in IoT Devices: Measuring IoT Security Through Penetration Testing Framework

“…The attacker can disrupt the sensor's sleep cycle to extend its battery life, drain its power, and cause it to shut down [38,40].…”

Digital Twin in the IoT Context: A Survey on Technical Features, Scenarios, and Architectural Models

“…There are several Multi-agent platform solutions, and they have been applied to different applications domains, from security and prevention of natural disaster [76], to e-health [77], smart homes [78], IoT [79] [80], the DT itself [81] [82]. Multiagent systems are also relevant for their ability to simulate the behavior of an environment, as agents can apply different strategies in order to optimize solutions according to the constraints posed by specific environments.…”

Flexible Light‐to‐Frequency Conversion Circuits Built with Si‐Based Frequency‐to‐Digital Converters via Complementary Photosensitive Ring Oscillators with p‐Type SWNT and n‐Type a‐IGZO Thin Film Transistors

“…With the advent of trillion sensor era, light detection has been intriguingly regarded as one of the most important functions for fulfilling compulsory requirements in the field of automotive industrials, smart cities, health-cares and well-being of lives, and other optical interconnections in the high-end Si circuits. [1][2][3][4][5] In particular, high dynamic-range light sensor with a linear response is one of mandatory requirements for In this study, as system-level photodetectors, light-to-frequency conversion circuits (LFCs) are realized by i) photosensitive ring oscillators (ROs) composed of amorphous indium-gallium-zinc-oxide/single-walled carbon nanotube (a-IGZO/SWNT) thin film transistors (TFTs) and ii) phase-lockedloop Si circuits built with frequency-to-digital converters (PFDC). The 3-stage ROs and logic gates based on a-IGZO/SWNT TFTs successfully demonstrate its performance on flexible substrates.…”