Tropical theileriosis in Bos taurus and Bos taurus cross Bos indicus calves: response to infection with graded doses of sporozoites of Theileria annulata

Preston, Patricia M.; Brown, C.G.D.; Bell‐Sakyi, Lesley; Richardson, Wendy; Sanderson, Andrew

doi:10.1016/0034-5288(92)90115-i

Cited by 65 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Death may be due to the haemolytic anemia which results from intra-erythrocytic piroplasms (Preston et al 1992). Similar signs were recorded previously by Sakha (2007), Uilenberg (2006) and Zobba et al (2008).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Clinical, haematological and therapeutic studies on babesiosis in Arabian horses in the Qassim region, central of Saudi Arabia

Osman

2016

Journal of Applied Animal Research

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This study was carried out in the Qassim region, central of Saudi Arabia to determine the clinical, haematological and therapeutic impact of babesiosis caused by Babesia caballi in Arabian horses. The clinical signs in infected horses were pyrexia (40.5-41.5°C), depression, pale or icteric mucous membranes and emaciation. Haematological examination revealed significant decrease in erythrocyte, thrombocyte counts and haemoglobin concentration in infected horses compared with controls. Treatment with imidocarb dipropionate was 100% effective in eliminating the parasites from the blood and led to an improvement in the clinical state. In conclusion, babesiosis should be suspected in any horses showing signs of anaemia or jaundice and severe body weight loss in addition to the presence of ticks. Bloody urine which is a characteristic feature of babesiosis in other animals is not common in Arabian horses. Moreover, treatment using imidocarb dipropionate in conjunction with hematinics and fluid therapy should be applied for treatment of equine babesiosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Clinical, haematological and therapeutic studies on babesiosis in Arabian horses in the Qassim region, central of Saudi Arabia

Osman

2016

Journal of Applied Animal Research

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“…All calves were maintained throughout on commercial food and hay and water ab libitum. Their condition was assessed by monitoring the pattern of pyrexia (defined as rectal temperature over 39.5°C), haematological parameters such as leucopaenia and anaemia, parasitosis (schizont-and merozoite-infected cells) and parasitaemia (percentage erythrocytes infected with piroplasms) as described previously (Preston et al 1992;Darghouth et al 1996). Calves at ENMV were maintained in a tick-free building.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recovery from infection is accompanied by the development of solid, long-lasting immunity to sporozoite challenge. Differences in cattle breed also appear to influence susceptibility to infection, but it is not known why (Preston et al 1992). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The PBM of Sahiwal calf 488 and the taurine calf 9 were phenotyped before and after incubation in MLRs. PBM and schizont-infected cell lines were phenotyped as described by Preston et al (1992) and Forsyth et al (1997) respectively using the panel of monoclonal antibodies to bovine leucocyte antigens described by Forsyth et al (1997) but using sheep anti-mouse fluorescein-labelled IgG F(ab)' (Nordic) instead of sheep anti-mouse fluorescein-labelled gamma-globulin.…”

Section: Phenotypic Analysis Of Cell Linesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The response to infection is clearly influenced by the virulence (Sergent et al 1945) and dose (Preston et al 1992) of the parasite. High doses of sporozoites may cause acute lethal disease in susceptible hosts; death may follow the proliferation of schizont-infected cells or the haemolytic anaemia associated with intra-erythrocytic piroplasms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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A dual role for immunosuppressor mechanisms in infection with Theileria annulata: well-regulated suppressor macrophages help in recovery from infection; profound immunosuppression promotes non-healing disease

et al. 2002

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There is increasing evidence that immune mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of many parasitic infections, including infections with the tick-borne protozoan Theileria annulata. The initial stages of tropical theileriosis are characterised by the induction of a non-specific lymphoproliferation by schizont-infected cells which is believed to disrupt antigen recognition and interfere with protective immune responses. This study examined the possibility that cattle do not always succumb to infection because macrophages suppress this non-specific lymphoproliferation. The results provide evidence that lymphoproliferation in cattle may be controlled by two types of suppressor macrophages. The first type occurs in infected cattle and acts via a feedback loop well documented in other parasitic infections. This loop involves macrophages, apparently activated by high levels of gamma interferon produced by proliferating lymphocytes, which suppress lymphocyte proliferation via a prostaglandin-mediated pathway. The properties of a suppressor activity seen in immunised and challenged animals suggested that cattle also possess a type of novel suppressor macrophage recently described in filarial infections. This second type of suppressor macrophage does not seem to act via prostaglandin; its activity appeared to be linked to a suppressor epitope on the sporozoite antigen SPAG-1. Differences in the nature of the schizont-infected cells of the Friesian and Sahiwal calves used in one section of this work, in the in vitro and in vivo lymphoproliferative responses of the two groups of calves and in the behaviour of their suppressor macrophages suggested several reasons why the outcome of Theileria infections differed in the two cattle breeds. This study has extended our knowledge of the pluripotential activities of macrophages in T. annulata infections to include immunosuppression as well as anti-parasite responses and confirmed the view that the outcome of infection with T. annulata, as with many parasitic infections, depends upon the final balance of the protective and pathological properties of the immune system.

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Theileria

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Baumgärtner

2009

Intracellular Niches of Microbes

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Tropical theileriosis in Bos taurus and Bos taurus cross Bos indicus calves: response to infection with graded doses of sporozoites of Theileria annulata

Cited by 65 publications

References 16 publications

Clinical, haematological and therapeutic studies on babesiosis in Arabian horses in the Qassim region, central of Saudi Arabia

Clinical, haematological and therapeutic studies on babesiosis in Arabian horses in the Qassim region, central of Saudi Arabia

A dual role for immunosuppressor mechanisms in infection with Theileria annulata: well-regulated suppressor macrophages help in recovery from infection; profound immunosuppression promotes non-healing disease

Theileria

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