Abstract:The use of vital dyes during vitrectomy allows easier removal of less recognizable structures like epiretinal membranes or the internal limiting membrane (ILM). In recent years, numerous studies have investigated the use of indocyanine green (ICG), trypan blue (Membrane Blue), triamcinolone, autologous blood and presently trityl dyes such as patent blue V (PBV, Blueron), crystal violet and brilliant blue G (BBG, Brilliant Peel) in chromovitrectomy. Reports on potential risks of these dyes, especially ICG, such… Show more
“…Compared with previous experiments in RPE and neuronal cell culture, for instance by Mennel et al, our study found a similar safety for BriB at two doses. 34 Usually research in animals is considered better evidence of pharmacological activity than cell culture alone, since it may better simulate the actual human retinal environment. However, there are interspecies variations which may produce results that may not be translated to human experience in chromovitrectomy.…”
“…Compared with previous experiments in RPE and neuronal cell culture, for instance by Mennel et al, our study found a similar safety for BriB at two doses. 34 Usually research in animals is considered better evidence of pharmacological activity than cell culture alone, since it may better simulate the actual human retinal environment. However, there are interspecies variations which may produce results that may not be translated to human experience in chromovitrectomy.…”
“…Compared to other cell culture models, such as the human RPE cell line ARPE-19 [7,8,9,10], retinal ganglion cells [11] and human primary RPE cells [12,13], the HFRPE culture model shows a robust cell culture to exhibit the morphology and physiology of healthy RPE in vivo [14,15]. It is a useful model to test the effect of novel vital dyes on outer BRB function before clinical application.…”
Purpose: To assess tight junction (TJ) integrity in cultured human fetal retinal pigment epithelium (HFRPE) after exposure to clinically relevant novel vital dyes. Methods: HFRPE floater cells were harvested from RPE primary cultures of 4 donor eyes and seeded on polyester Transwell® for 4-6 weeks. The apical compartments of well-differentiated cultures were exposed to 0.005 mg/ml Coomassie violet R200 (CVR), methyl 2B (M2B) or Orange II. Periods of 30-300 s were chosen to mimic surgical exposure times, while 3 h was used for toxicity assays, with subsequent washout. Cell-cell junctions were studied by immunofluorescence (zonula occludens-1, ZO-1). Transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) was measured regarding blood-retina barrier (BRB) function. Results: At 4-6 weeks after confluence, HFRPE had grown into pigmented hexagonal monolayers with stable TER values (451-1,520 Ω·cm2). After 300-second dye treatments, a continuous ZO-1 signal was detected in all vital dye-treated groups 1.5 h after exposure, whereas trypsin controls showed patchy loss of the TJ stain. TER of CVR-, M2B- and Orange-II-treated groups had dropped 1.5 h after exposure to 148 ± 58.4, 162 ± 23.7 and 164 ± 18.5 Ω·cm2, respectively, compared to 73 ± 44.9 Ω·cm2 in positive controls. After 3 h of exposure to 0.005 mg/ml vital dyes in thick drops, TER maintained similar levels to those prior to exposure (90.8 ± 4.7% of the original values, 93.8 ± 6.5 and 91.9 ± 3.6%, respectively), together with no difference from the vehicle controls (94.8 ± 6.6%). TER values recovered in all groups to prior levels within 3 days. Conclusion: Novel vital dyes (CVR, M2B and Orange II) caused no outer BRB function alteration.
“…The most promising new stain appears to be brilliant blue G, which has a high affinity for the ILM, is less invasive, has a good biocompatibility, and is easy to handle [37][38][39][40][41]. In vitro on ARPE-19 cell lines, however, brilliant blue G was less promising, as it demonstrated toxicity at short exposure times [42], while ICG had a favorable viability profile.…”
Although there was a significant difference in visual fields between the groups after 3 months in the superior region, there were no more significant differences between the two groups after 6 months. However, due to the decrease in the temporal visual field in some eyes, we conclude that membrane blue is less toxic.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.